英语常识!!!!!!!

核心提示there 一般都是 there be 的句型比较多:There is an apple on the table.There are some apples on the table.There is an apple and two p

there 一般都是 there be 的句型比较多:

There is an apple on the table.

There are some apples on the table.

There is an apple and two pears on the table.

or

There are two pears and an apple on the table.

主要是看前面是单数还是复数,前面是单数就用there is, 前面是复数就用there are

they 是主格一般用于句子开头

They are good students.

What are they?

their 是他(她它)们的意思是形容词性物主代词

Their bags are big.

those 是那些 these 是这些

that 是那个 this 是这个

thosethese 用于复数(同their)

thatthis 用于单数

That is a good idea. This book is mine.

介词+动词ING

What about going(...ing) for a walk in the park?

Thank you for helping me.

副词用来修饰动词的

She dances beautifully.

He walks carefully.

I'm doing sth.

I'm Peter.(人名)

I'm tall.(形容词)

I'm from China.

……………………

1.初一上册英语知识点

一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写 要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。

二、be动词的用法 be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。

三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。

3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。

5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。

四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数) zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nieen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, niy, one hundred,one hundred and one。五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。

一般疑问句句尾读升调。2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。

特殊疑问句句尾读降调。六、可数名词变复数 可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1、规则变化:1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。

2、不规则变化:1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则 最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。

主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形。

实意动词变“三单”的规则如下:1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)have的三单形式是has。八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词) 冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。

1、定冠词the表示“特指”,可译为“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”。2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是“一个”。

an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前。3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”。

九、助动词(do, does )的用法 只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则。

eg : I like English a lot. Michael likes Chinese food very much.2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句:Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.They like sports.------They don't like sports.3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名词所有格1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;2、用of表示“。

的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)3、have与of的区别:have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of。

例如:I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.a door of the house 十一、课本中的知。

2.初一上册英语语法知识

1.there be 句型“有”指“某地有某物”形式:there is, there are 例:There is some food in the fridge。

冰箱里有一些食物。 There are many books on the desk. 桌上有许多书。

区分:there is 用于修饰单数名词和不可数名词,例如:a book , an egg, milk, ice-cream 。

.there are 用来修饰可数名词复数 如果要表达某处没有某物则要用there be 句型的否定形式,即在therebe 后加not ,即 there benot 形式:there is not (there isn't) there are not (therearen't) 例: There isn't any milk in a glass。 There aren't any vegetables in thefridge.若表示是否有,则要用 there be 句型的疑问句即把be 提前 Be there 形式 Is there, Are there 例:Is there any milk in the glass? Are there any vegetables in the fridge?注意:这里涉及some any 的用法 some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。

但是在表示请求的 疑问句中,是想要得到肯定答复的,要用some。例:Wouldyou like some milk?对于there be 疑问句的回答:肯定:Yes,thereisare. No,there isn'taren't.2.havehas got 有指某人有某物 例:I have a dog.我有一只狗。

He has a sister and a brother.他有一个姐姐和一个弟弟。区分:have has: have用来修饰第一人称和第二人称和第三人称复数(I ,we ,they) has用来修饰第三人称单数(she, he , it ) 若表示某人没有某物,则要用否定形式,即在havehas got 后加not 即have not (haven't)got ,has not(hasn't)got.例:I haven't got a sister but i have a brother. She hasn't got bright eyes and long hairs.某人是否有某物则要用havehas got的疑问形式,HaveHas+ *** .sth. + got Have they got a piic at weekends?Has thedog got a host family?(寄宿家庭) 寄宿制家庭,就是留学生住在当地人家了,有提供伙食或不提供两种,房租较高,适合高中生去寄宿!回答:肯定:Yes, i we they have. Yes , she he it has. 否定:No , i we they haven't. No, she he ithasn't.注意:there be 和 have got 的区别两者虽都指"有",但侧重点不同。

例:《1》There are some food in the fridge. The fridge has got some food.虽然都是“冰箱里有食物”但(1)句侧重于食物,(2)句侧重于冰箱。3.be(am is are) 用法:我用am 你用are, is连着她他它,单数用is,复数用are 例:I am a student. She is a beautiful girl. He is a child. It is a dog. You are my teacher. They are my friends, The boys all are England.be 的否定形式直接加not 即 am not, are not , is not.例:I am not an English. I am Chinese. She isn't kind. They aren't my friends.疑问形式把be提前即 be+ 主语。

例:Is he your father? Are they going to have a party?回答:肯定:Yes, I am. Yes,she he it is. Yes , you we they are. 否定: No, Iam not. No, she he it isn't. No ,you we they aren't.be的句式,所用情况:1》be + 形容词(adj.). 例:I am very happy.2> be+ 名词(n.) 例:He is a boy.3> be + 介词短语 例:She is inthe school.4> be+形容词短语 例:He is only 11 years old.5> be+ 副词 例:Class is over.4. 情态动词 can can 可以能够,表示某人能做某事用法:can+v.原不能做某事,则用can 的否定形式:cannot (can't)+v.原 can没有人称和数的变化,因此谁能(不能)做某事都能用can 若表示某人是否能做某事则要用can 的疑问形式,即can+ *** .……?例:I can speak Chinese. I can't speak English. Can you speak English?He can swim but he can't play football. Can she play the piano?疑问句回答:肯定:Yes, I she you he it they we can. 否定:No, I she he it you we they can't.注意:can 表示“能力”时,指现在的能力,并不指过去或将来的能力。

5 .情态动词would 想主要用于 would you like to 。句型中,表示邀请。

例:Would you like to go to school with me ?回答一般有两种形式:1 表示愿意:I'd like love to. 2 拒绝:Sorry, 原因。注意:wouldlike to 本身并不表示邀请,而是想要。

例:I would like to some books.另外,表示邀请还能说:Let's。

Shall we。

What Howabout。

.还要注意邀请时询问信息的表达方式:1)询问时间:When is。 2) 询问地点: Where is。

.6 行为动词的一般现在时(根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类:实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。行为动词也叫实义动词,比如eat,sleep,行为动词后面只能副词修饰 系动词比如seem,be动词,可以用形容词,用法:1.如果表示某人经常性或习惯性做某事,则要用行为动词的一般现在时 He goes to school every day.They eat dinner in the evening.2.若表示某人现在的动态,也可用一般现在时。

I know him very well. 我和他很熟。He likes English very much. 他非常喜欢英语。

若表示否定意义,若主语是第一人称或第二人称或第三人称复数,只要在谓语动词后加not,即donot(don't) ,若主语是第三人称单数,则要在谓语动词后加does not (doesn't) 例:I don't go to school every day. She doesn't goes to the shop every day. You don' t sing vell well.若表示是否经常做某事则要用疑问意义,将do does 提前即可 例:Do 。

3.初一英语要求学生掌握什么知识

在网上找到了一些重点要掌握的 希望对你有所帮助 重点句型大回放 1.I think…意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。

其否定式常用I don't think…,如:I think he's Mr Zhinag。 (L17)I don't think you are right。

2.give sth。 to *** 。

/ give *** 。 sth。

意为“把……给……”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to *** 。 如: His parents give him a nice purse。

/His parents give a nice purse to him。 Give it to Mr Hu。

(L57) 3.take *** 。/ sth。

to…意为“把……(送)带到……”,后常接地点,也可接人。如: Please take the new books to the classroom。

4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”,必须是两者中。 如:One is red and one is grey。

(L50)或 One is red,, the other is grey。 5.Let *** 。

do sth。 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don't let *** ,do sth。

,或Let *** 。 not do sth。

另外,Let's 与Let us的含义不完全相同, 前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,如:Let's go for a walk。/Let us try once more, please。

6.help *** 。 (to) do sth。

/help *** 。 with sth。

意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换。如: Let me help you find it。

(L42)/Let me help you with it。 7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。

about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。如: What/How playing chess? 8.It's time to do…/ It's time for sth。

意为“该做……的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。如: It's time to have supper。

=It's time for supper。 9.like to do sth。

/like doing sth。 意为“喜欢做某事”,如: Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house。

(L 43) 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,试比较: Tom likes swimming, but doesn't like to swim this afternoon。 10.ask *** 。

(not) to do sth。 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask *** 。

后应接动词不定式,如: Ask your friends to guess what is in it。 (L44) 11.show *** 。

sth。 / show sth。

to do。 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。

如: Show your friend your family photo。(L36)/Show your family photo to your friend。

12.introduce *** 。 to *** 。

意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to *** 。则是“向某人作介绍”。

如: Introduce your family to her。 (L37)。

4.初一的英语重要知识要点

other, others, the other, the others的区别

others为other的复数形式,other和one对称使用,仅限于两者之间;others和some对称使用。如;1.She has two children. One is a student. The other is a worker. 2. Some students like learning science while others like art.

other和the other的区别 other 用做形容词,修饰名词或代词,一般不能单独做主语或宾语;the other用做代词,可以做主语或宾语。

others 和the others的区别仅仅在于定冠词的问题,有the为特指,有一定的范围

如:Some students of Class Two went to the cinema while the others were studying in the classroom.(仅仅是二班的学生,没有其他学生);上面的例句2就没有范围,指所有的学生。

感官动词+ *** +do sthdoing sth

使役动词+ *** do sth

2个:one the other

大于2个:one the others /some others/some the others (布置任务)

none of +sth +do sth

with:1用,2带有,3和 一起

until:1.延续性动词+until+句子

2.短暂动词(否定)+until

A is+距离+from+B

=It is+距离+from A to B

the+乐器

序数词、最高级前/国家缩写+the

特例:my不加the

why not=why don't you

be afraid of/ be afraid(that)+从句/be afraid to do sth

A+be+方向 of+B(里)

A+be to the +方向+B(外)

send sth to ***

send *** sth

searth for sth in 地点

=searth+地点+for sth

find+it+形容词+to do sth

其他的很简单,我就不说了!

初一这些学会已经算是好学生了~~~~

哎,方便了你,苦了我啊~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·

5.初一英语有哪些知识点

英语只要多读,多背,上课认真听,把老师上课讲的重点记下来,就没什么问题了,如果你们也是苏教版的话,第一单元会再学一下有关数字的一些知识(这应该很简单),然后还会学一些有关"问路""数量"等句型还会学到一般过去时和一般将来时等时态,总体来说,初一英语并不难,只要你肯努力.(我也刚上完初一,过了暑假就上初二了,你有不会的可以到百度上来问我)语文嘛,关键是文言文和阅读,关于文言文,你可以去买一本文言文的字典,我们班每个人都买的,还不错,阅读只要你平时多去读一些课外书籍,文章多读几遍,把你认为重要的划出来,做一些注释,那样效果会更好.加油哦,只要努力,没有什么办不到。

6.初一的英语重要知识要点

other, others, the other, the others的区别others为other的复数形式,other和one对称使用,仅限于两者之间;others和some对称使用。

如;1.She has two children. One is a student. The other is a worker. 2. Some students like learning science while others like art.other和the other的区别 other 用做形容词,修饰名词或代词,一般不能单独做主语或宾语;the other用做代词,可以做主语或宾语。others 和the others的区别仅仅在于定冠词的问题,有the为特指,有一定的范围如:Some students of Class Two went to the cinema while the others were studying in the classroom.(仅仅是二班的学生,没有其他学生);上面的例句2就没有范围,指所有的学生。

感官动词+ *** +do sthdoing sth 使役动词+ *** do sth 2个:one the other 大于2个:one the others /some others/some the others (布置任务) none of +sth +do sth with:1用,2带有,3和 一起 until:1.延续性动词+until+句子 2.短暂动词(否定)+until A is+距离+from+B =It is+距离+from A to B the+乐器 序数词、最高级前/国家缩写+the 特例:my不加the why not=why don't you be afraid of/ be afraid(that)+从句/be afraid to do sth A+be+方向 of+B(里) A+be to the +方向+B(外) send sth to *** send *** sth searth for sth in 地点 =searth+地点+for sth find+it+形容词+to do sth其他的很简单,我就不说了! 初一这些学会已经算是好学生了~~~~哎,方便了你,苦了我啊~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·。

 
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