Foreign investors may have been hesitant to enter China’s green industries in the past due to sops enjoyed by domestic companies, preferential government procurement practices, and inconsistent levels of transparency. Yet, this is changing as top policymakers are opening associated sectors to foreign participants while also rolling back advantages enjoyed by local firms and improving access to financing.
过去，由于中国国内企业享有优惠待遇，政府采购做法优惠，以及透明度水平不一致，外国投资者可能不愿进入中国的绿色产业。然而，这种情况正在发生变化，因为最高决策者正在向外国参与者开放相关行业，同时也在削减本土企业享有的优势，并改善融资渠道。
China’s plans to transform its economy to meet high environmental standards and serve climate conscious goals may be considered ambitious, but it creates new opportunities. With advances in technology, financing, and regulatory policies, the growth potential of green industries is more attractive than ever – much of this momentum is concentrated in renewables, clean production, waste management, sustainable infrastructure, and services that support green development.
中国计划通过经济转型来达到高环境标准和服务于气候意识的目标，这可能被认为是雄心勃勃的，但它创造了新的机遇。随着技术、融资和监管政策的进步，绿色产业的增长潜力比以往任何时候都更具吸引力——这种势头主要集中在可再生能源、清洁生产、废物管理、可持续基础设施和支持绿色发展的服务方面。
This is in line with the areas encouraged in the Catalogue of Encouraged Industries for Foreign Investment . In the presently effective 2020 version of the encouraged catalogue, around 100 items fall into the scope of green industries, accounting for nearly one-fifth of the total sectors where foreign investment is encouraged. This trend persists in the exposure draft of the 2022 version of the encouraged catalogue.
这与《鼓励外商投资的产业目录》所鼓励的领域是一致的。在目前生效的2020年版鼓励目录中，约有100个项目属于绿色工业范畴，占鼓励外国投资的总部门的近五分之一。这种趋势在2022年版鼓励目录的征求意见稿中依然存在。
In this article, we investigate some of the highlighted industries that offer new opportunities to foreign investors by reviewing market trends, China’s green and low-carbon plans, and the country’s foreign investment policies.
在本文中，我们通过回顾市场趋势、中国的绿色和低碳计划以及中国的对外投资政策，对一些为外国投资者提供新机遇的重点行业进行了调查。
Renewable energy
可再生能源
Along China’s path to reach its ambitious carbon reduction targets, a rapid and effective shift of power generation from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources will be unavoidable, as this sector is responsible for 52 percent of carbon emissions in the country, higher than the global average of 41 percent.
在中国实现其雄心勃勃的碳减排目标的道路上，从化石燃料发电到可再生能源发电的快速有效转变将是不可避免的，因为这一行业占中国碳排放量的52% ，高于全球平均水平41% 。
Despite China’s dominance in renewables and the country’s proliferation of renewable energy sources, it is still far from replacing fossil fuel sources. In 2021, electricity generated from renewables reached 2.48 trillion kWh, equivalent to 29.9 percent of total electricity use that year. To double electricity production from renewables, Zhang Xiliang, a climate modeler at Tsinghua University, projected that China will need to increase solar power generation 16-fold, wind power ninefold, nuclear power sixfold, and hydroelectricity twofold. Even though China is already a global leader in the area, it will need to spend trillions of dollars on renewable energy sources in the coming decades, presenting huge opportunities for foreign investment.
尽管中国在可再生能源领域占据主导地位，并且大量使用可再生能源，但它距离取代化石燃料还有很长的路要走。2021年，可再生能源发电量达到2.48万亿千瓦时，相当于当年总用电量的29.9% 。为了将可再生能源的发电量提高一倍，清华大学气候模型专家张希亮预测，中国需要将太阳能发电量提高16倍，风能提高9倍，核能提高6倍，水力发电提高2倍。尽管中国已经是该领域的全球领导者，但在未来几十年中，它将需要在可再生能源上投入数万亿美元，这将为外国投资带来巨大机遇。
To be more concrete, China has launched a plan to build 455 GW of solar and wind energy capacity in the country’s vast desert regions. The plan targets to install 200 GW of capacity by 2025 and an additional 255 GW by 2030, of which about 60 percent will be solar, and 40 percent will be wind. Further, including the desert project, China will install 500 GW of wind and solar by 2025 and 700 GW by 2030, which would put its total installed capacity of wind and solar at 1,700 GW.
更具体地说，中国已经启动了一项计划，在广阔的沙漠地区建设455千兆瓦的太阳能和风能发电装机容量。该计划的目标是到2025年安装200千兆瓦的装机容量，到2030年再增加255千兆瓦的装机容量，其中约60% 为太阳能，40% 为风能。此外，包括沙漠项目在内，到2025年，中国将安装500吉瓦的风能和太阳能发电设备，到2030年，中国将安装700吉瓦的风能和太阳能发电设备，这将使中国的风能和太阳能发电总装机容量达到1700吉瓦。
For foreign investors, China’s renewable energy market has felt intimidating to enter in the past, due to the market share of domestic companies, government procurement practices, and inconsistent levels of transparency. Yet, the below facts and trends offer fresh scope to enter this sizable market:
对于外国投资者而言，中国可再生能源市场过去一直让他们感到不敢进入，原因包括国内企业的市场份额、政府采购做法以及不一致的透明度水平。然而，以下事实和趋势为进入这个规模庞大的市场提供了新的空间:
The energy sector prioritizes low costs, and innovation in technologies like solar panels has been relatively slow. While Chinese companies dominate the market share in many of these areas, they do not always possess the advanced technology required for cost
能源部门优先考虑低成本，而太阳能电池板等技术的创新一直相对缓慢。虽然中国公司在许多这些领域占据了市场份额，但他们并不总是拥有成本所需的先进技术
China is gradually removing subsidies for the renewables sector to even the playing field between domestic and foreign companies as markets and technology
中国正逐步取消对可再生能源领域的补贴，以平衡国内外公司在市场和技术方面的竞争
Innovation with green and sustainable applications is expected to accelerate as countries around the world adopt renewables. The importance of producing industry-leading technology with scalable applications will only grow bigger – and China presents a great opportunity for market exploration in this regard.
随着世界各国采用可再生能源，具有绿色和可持续应用的创新有望加速。生产具有可扩展应用的行业领先技术的重要性只会越来越大——在这方面，中国提供了一个巨大的市场开发机会。
As for encouraging foreign investment access, China is making efforts to attract foreign investors to participate in the renewables and upstream and downstream sectors. Overall, there are no special limitations for foreign investors to invest in new energy projects. And many sectors are specially encouraged for foreign investment, according to the 2020 version of the encouraged catalogue.
在鼓励外资进入方面，中国正在努力吸引外国投资者参与可再生能源和上游或下游行业。总的来说，外国投资者投资新能源项目没有特别的限制。根据2020年版的鼓励目录，许多行业都特别鼓励外国投资。
Foreign enterprises with technological and quality advantages shall gain new development opportunities, especially in the commercial and industrial application of renewables.
具有技术和质量优势的外国企业将获得新的发展机遇，特别是在可再生能源的工商业应用方面。
Renewable sectors that are encouraged for foreign investment:
鼓励外商投资的可再生能源行业:
Construction and operation of new energy power stations
新能源发电站的建造和运行
Construction and operation of regional energy supply projects driven by renewable energy resources
由可再生能源驱动的区域能源供应项目的建设和运营
Construction and operation of biogas projects
沼气工程建设与运营
Manufacturing of new energy power generation equipment in set or key equipment
成套或关键设备新能源发电设备制造
Development and application of the complementary system for power generation with gas and renewable resources
天然气与可再生资源发电互补系统的开发与应用
R & D as well as application in the production of large energy-storage technologies
研发以及在大型储能技术生产中的应用
Hydrogen industry
氢工业
The Chinese government has identified the hydrogen industry as one of six industries of the future, and recently released plans that underscore its importance for both energy and industrial development.
中国政府已将氢气工业确定为未来六大产业之一，最近公布的计划强调了氢气工业对能源和工业发展的重要性。
In March 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission and National Energy Administration issued the Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry , making it clear that China wants to take a leading role in developing the nascent green hydrogen market:
2022年3月，国家发展和改革委员会和国家能源局发布了《氢能产业中长期发展规划》 ，明确表示中国希望在发展新兴的绿色氢市场方面发挥主导作用:
By 2025: The plan calls for producing 100,000- 200,000 tons of green hydrogen annually, up from 6.6 tons currently, and getting 50,000 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles on the road – up from 7,700 as of
到2025年: 该计划要求每年生产100,000-200,000吨绿色氢气，高于目前的6.6吨，并使50,000辆氢燃料电池汽车上路，高于截至2010年的7700辆
By 2035: China should form an industrial system for hydrogen energy and a system for applying hydrogen energy, including for transportation and energy
到2035年: 中国应建立氢能工业体系和氢能应用体系，包括运输和能源
Hydrogen energy also factors into China’s plans for a number of other industries, such as new energy vehicles . For example, the New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan projects hydrogen refueling station capacity to grow from 72 units in mid-2020 to 2,000 units by 2035, demonstrating the close relationship between hydrogen energy development and NEV development.
氢能也是中国其他一些产业计划中的一个因素，比如新能源汽车。例如，《新能源汽车工业发展计划》预计，氢燃料加油站的能力将从2020年中期的72个单位增加到2035年的2000个单位，这表明了氢能发展与新能源汽车发展之间的密切关系。
China is already the world’s largest hydrogen supplier, producing about a quarter of global output. The China Hydrogen Alliance projects the output value of China’s hydrogen industry to reach RMB 1 trillion in value as early as 2025.
中国已经是全球最大的氢气供应国，产量约占全球的四分之一。中国氢联盟预计，中国氢工业的产值最早将在2025年达到1万亿元人民币。
Nevertheless, China’s hydrogen energy industry is still in the early stage of development, which is lagged in industrial innovation and technologies. Meanwhile, less than 20 percent of China’s hydrogen production is green at the moment – China produces about 60 percent of its hydrogen from coal and about 25 percent from natural gas . The growth potential for green hydrogen is huge.
尽管如此，中国的氢能工业仍然处于早期发展阶段，在工业创新和技术方面落后。与此同时，中国目前只有不到20% 的氢气生产是绿色的——中国60% 的氢气来自煤炭 ，25% 来自天然气。绿色氢气的增长潜力巨大。
The 2020 version of the encouraged catalogue also includes hydrogen energy and its upstream and downstream industries as “encouraged sectors”, which further motivates foreign capital to participate in the development of China’s hydrogen energy sector.
2020年版的鼓励目录还将氢能及其上游或下游行业列为“鼓励行业”，这进一步激励外资参与中国氢能行业的发展。
Among others, in November 2020, the British traded multinational energy company Shell announced the establishment of a joint venture company in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province to invest in a green hydrogen production project with a capacity of 20,000 kW. In December 2020, Shell signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Jiaxing city in Zhejiang province, under which the two sides will cooperate in hydrogen energy and other new energy fields.
其中，2020年11月，英国跨国能源公司壳牌宣布在河北省张家口成立一家合资公司，投资一个20,000千瓦的绿色氢气生产项目。2020年12月，壳牌与浙江省嘉兴市签署战略合作协议，双方将在氢能等新能源领域开展合作。
Besides hydrogen energy production, storage, and transport, many opportunities for foreign investors stand to come in the form of application, such as in hydrogen fuel cells. In 2020, for example, the Japanese auto company Toyota set up a JV with the Chinese hydrogen fuel cell maker Beijing SinoHytec to manufacture fuel cells for the Chinese market.
除了氢能的生产、储存和运输之外，许多外国投资者的机会将以应用的形式出现，例如氢燃料电池。例如，2020年，日本丰田汽车公司与中国氢燃料电池制造商北京中海集团成立了一家合资企业，为中国市场生产燃料电池。
Foreign investors with specialty and experience in hydrogen industrial chains are recommended to pay attention to the developments in this sector.
建议在氢工业链方面具有专业知识和经验的外国投资者关注这一领域的发展。
Hydrogen sectors that are encouraged for foreign investment:
鼓励外国投资的氢部门:
Production, storage, transportation, and liquefaction of hydrogen fuels
氢燃料的生产、储存、运输和液化
Manufacturing of equipment for preparation, storage and transportation, and inspection system for hydrogen energy
氢能制备、储存和运输设备制造及氢能检测系统
Construction and operation of hydrogenation stations
加氢站的建设和运营
R&D and manufacturing of hydrogen cycle pumps, hydrogen ejectors, 70MPa hydrogen cylinders, on-board hydrogen concentration sensors, and fully wound carbon fiber cylinders for vehicle compressed hydrogen plastic inner bladder
氢气循环泵、氢气喷射器、70MPa 氢气气瓶、车载氢气浓度传感器、汽车压缩氢气塑料内胆用全缠绕碳纤维气瓶的研发和制造
Manufacturing of fuel cells
燃料电池制造
New energy vehicles
新能源汽车
Driven by government support and policy incentives, China has already been the world’s largest NEV producer and consumer, hosting over 90 percent of global investment for both original equipment and components.
在政府支持和政策激励的推动下，中国已成为全球最大的新能源汽车生产国和消费国，原始设备和零部件投资占全球的90% 以上。
In 2021, China sold 3.52 million units of NEVs, up 181 percent from 2020 and exceeding the total sale of the previous three years. This growth trend of NEVs is expected to continue, with China striving to reduce carbon emissions in all fields and green consumption getting more recognition in the consumer market.
2021年，中国销售了352万辆 NEVs，比2020年增长了181% ，超过了前三年的总销量。随着中国在各个领域努力减少碳排放，绿色消费在消费市场上得到越来越多的认可，预计新能源汽车的这种增长趋势将继续下去。
According to the NEV Industry Development Plan released by the State Council, the sales of NEVs in China will account for 20 percent of the domestic auto market, marking a major turning point for the NEV industry as it becomes more
根据国务院发布的《新能源汽车产业发展规划》 ，新能源汽车在中国的销量将占到国内汽车市场的20% ，这标志着新能源汽车产业的一个重要转折点
According to the 2020 version of the encouraged catalogue, foreign investment is especially welcome for research and development and manufacturing of key parts and components of NEVs, and the manufacturing of charging piles and charging piles for energy storage. For the former, the 2020 encouraged catalogue has provided a very detailed breakdown of the key parts and components of NEVs that are encouraged for foreign investment, with parameter requirements of each industry specified. For example, for cathode materials of batteries, the encouraged catalogue required that the specific capacity should be no less than180mAh/g and the cycle life should be 2,000 times with not less than 80 percent of initial discharge capacity.
根据2020年版的鼓励目录，特别欢迎外国投资研发和制造新能源汽车的关键零部件，以及制造储能充电桩和充电桩。就前者而言，2020年鼓励目录非常详细地列出了鼓励外国投资的 NEVs 的关键部件和组成部分，并具体说明了每个行业的参数要求。例如，对于电池的正极材料，鼓励的目录要求比容量不低于180mah/g，循环寿命为2000倍，不低于初始放电容量的80% 。
Most of the listed industries are those where there are still performance gaps between domestic and foreign products. As the NEV sector becomes more market-driven, helped by government efforts to level the playing field for all participants, foreign investors will have more chances to take a bigger bite of this giant market.
大多数上市行业是那些国内外产品之间仍然存在性能差距的行业。在政府为所有参与者提供公平竞争环境的努力的帮助下，新兴市场经济产业变得更加由市场驱动，外国投资者将有更多机会在这个巨大的市场中分得更大一杯羹。
NEV sectors that are encouraged for foreign investment:
鼓励外国投资的新经济增长部门:
Design and manufacturing of special production equipment for power batteries for automobilesR & D and manufacturing of key parts and components of new energy vehicles: monomers of energy-based power batteries; cathode materials of batteries and precursor materials of batteries, anode materials of batteries , separators of batteries ; battery management systems, motor controllers, and electronic control integration of electric vehicles; motor system for driving of electric vehicles , vehicle DC/DC , high power electronic devices ; plug-in hybrid electromechanical coupling drive systems; fuel cell engines , fuel cell stacks , membrane electrodes , proton exchange membranes , bipolar plates , low platinum catalyst, carbon paper , air compressors, hydrogen cycle pumps, hydrogen ejectors, humidifiers, fuel cell control systems, booster DC/DC, 70MPa hydrogen cylinders, on-board hydrogen concentration sensors; heat pump air conditioners for electric vehicle; special 32- bit or more chips for motor drive control ; integrated electric drive assemblies ; high speed reducers
汽车动力电池专用生产设备的设计与制造研发及新能源汽车关键零部件的制造: 能源动力电池单体; 电池正极材料和电池前体材料; 电池负极材料 ; 电池隔板？60%)、电池管理系统、电机控制器和电动汽车电子控制一体化、电动汽车驱动电机系统、车辆 DC/DC ，大功率电子设备 ; 插件式混合机电耦合驱动系统;燃料电池发动机、燃料电池堆、膜电极、质子交换膜、双极板、低铂催化剂、碳纸、空气压缩机、氢循环泵、氢喷射器、加湿器、燃料电池控制系统、助推器 DC/DC、70MPa 氢气瓶、机载氢浓度传感器;电动车用热泵空调; 电机驱动控制专用32位或以上芯片 ; 集成电力驱动组件 ; 高速减速器
Manufacturing of charging piles and charging piles for energy storage
蓄能充电桩和蓄能充电桩的制造
Design and manufacturing of special production equipment for power batteries for automobiles
汽车动力电池专用生产设备的设计和制造
Carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration
碳捕获、利用和封存
Carbon capture, utilization, and storage , also termed as carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration, is an important emissions reduction technology that can be applied across the energy system.
碳捕获、利用和储存 ，也称为碳捕获、利用和封存，是一种重要的减排技术，可应用于整个能源系统。
CCUS technology involves capturing carbon dioxide from fuel combustion or industrial processes, transporting this CO2 via ship or pipeline, using it as a resource to create valuable products or services, or storing it in the form of mineral carbonates in geological formations or in deep ocean masses for an indefinite period of time. Thus, this technology is of high relevance for countries committed to reducing carbon emissions but anticipated to remain dependent on fossil fuels in the short term.
CCUS 技术包括从燃料燃烧或工业生产过程中捕获二氧化碳，通过船舶或管道运输这种二氧化碳，将其作为一种资源用于创造有价值的产品或服务，或将其以碳酸盐矿物的形式储存在地质构造中或在深海中无限期地存储。因此，这项技术对于那些致力于减少碳排放但预计在短期内仍将依赖化石燃料的国家具有高度的相关性。
In China, CCUS technology will play an important role in helping the country meet its carbon commitments, serving as one of the few solutions to tackle emissions from heavy industry and to remove carbon from the atmosphere.
在中国，CCUS 技术将在帮助中国履行其碳排放承诺方面发挥重要作用，成为解决重工业排放和从大气中去除碳的少数解决方案之一。
According to the Global Carbon Capture and Storage Industry report released by Global Industry Analysts in February 2022, by 2026, China’s CCUS market size is forecast to reach US$482 million, trailing an annual growth rate of 11.4 percent, and the industrial separation segment is forecast to reach US$293.9 million.
全球行业分析公司2022年2月发布的《全球碳捕获和储存行业报告》称，到2026年，中国碳捕获和储存行业的市场规模预计将达到4.82亿美元，年增长率为11.4% ，工业分离行业的市场规模预计将达到2.939亿美元。
CCUS is still at an early phase of development in China but is bound to gain prominence. Progressive policy frameworks and sustained government support will pivot China to become among the fastest growing regional CCUS markets.
CCUS 在中国仍处于早期发展阶段，但必将获得突出地位。进步的政策框架和持续的政府支持，将使中国成为增长最快的区域 CCUS 市场之一。
Amid the intensified government push for net zero emissions and recent corporate trends of voluntary commitments to achieve this, businesses have been encouraged to develop carbon-offsetting projects and services for their own use or sale to third parties.
在政府加大力度推动实现净零排放以及企业近期自愿承诺实现这一目标的趋势中，政府鼓励企业开发碳抵消项目和服务，供自己使用或出售给第三方。
CCUS sectors that are encouraged for foreign investment:
鼓励外国投资的 CCUS 行业:
Development of CCUS technology and services
CCUS 技术与服务的发展
Construction and operation of CCUS projects
CCUS 项目的建设和运营
Manufacturing of equipment for capture, use, storage, and monitoring of carbon dioxide
二氧化碳捕获、使用、储存和监测设备的制造
Other green services
其他绿色服务
China’s green transition has created new green services industries that benefit the environment or conserve natural resources, such as ecosystem services, contract energy management, contract water conservation management, third-party environmental pollution treatment, and environmental custody services.
中国的绿色转型创造了生态系统服务、承包能源管理、承包水资源管理、第三方环境污染治理、环境保护服务等有利于环境或节约自然资源的新型绿色服务业。
As per market consultancy Askci Corporation, the size of China’s energy conservation service industry was RMB 582. 6 billion in 2020, with 6,859 companies and 760,000 employees engaged in the industry.
根据市场咨询公司 Askci Corporation 的数据，中国节能服务行业的规模为582元人民币。2020年有60亿欧元 ，6859家公司和76万名员工从事该行业。
As most green services industries require high innovation capabilities and technology advancement, a lot of the green services are encouraged for foreign investment.
由于大多数绿色服务行业都需要高度的创新能力和技术进步，因此大量的绿色服务被鼓励用于外国投资。
Foreign firms with experience and expertise in this area have already been actively participating in the Chinese market. One example is the Veolia Group of France, which has established an office in China to offer environmental services. German and UK companies engaging in green services, such as ALBA Group and ERM, are also trying to promote the export of their technologies to China considering the tremendous growth potential of this sector.
在这方面有经验和专业知识的外国公司已经积极参与中国市场。一个例子是法国威立雅集团，它已经在中国建立了一个办事处来提供环境服务。从事绿色服务的德国和英国公司，如 ALBA Group 和 ERM，考虑到该行业的巨大增长潜力，也在努力促进向中国出口技术。
Green services that are encouraged for foreign investment:
鼓励外国投资的绿色服务:
R&D of offshore oil pollution cleaning and ecological restoration technology and the relevant product development; prevention and treatment of seawater eutrophication, marine life explosive growth disaster; coastal zone ecological environment restoration technology
海洋石油污染清除与生态修复技术及相关产品开发; 海水富营养化、海洋生物爆炸性生长灾害防治; 海岸带生态环境修复技术
R&D and application of technologies for energy conservation, environmental protection, and recycling economy
节能、环保和循环经济技术的研发和应用
R&D and application of technologies for recycling and comprehensive utilization of resources and for recycling of emissions and discharges from enterprise production
研发和应用资源回收和综合利用技术以及企业生产排放物回收技术
R&D of environmental pollution treatment and monitoring technology
环境污染治理与监测技术的研究与开发
Development of clean production technology and services
清洁生产技术与服务开发
R&D and utilization of integrated technologies for land conservation and outdoor environment, energy conservation and utilization of water resources, material conservation and utilization of material resources, and indoor environment and operational management of green buildings
土地节约与室外环境、水资源节能与利用、物质资源节约与利用、绿色建筑室内环境与运营管理等综合技术的研发与利用
R&D and application of disposal technology for radioactive waste
放射性废物处置技术的研发和应用
Construction and operation of hazardous waste utilization and disposal facilities and technical consultancy services
建造和运营危险废物利用和处置设施及技术咨询服务
R&D of technologies for prevention and control of desertification and desert restoration
防治荒漠化和沙漠恢复技术的研发
Recycling
回收再造
Recycling forms an important component of China’s plan to transfer to a green, low-carbon, and circular economy.
循环利用是中国向绿色、低碳和循环经济转型计划的重要组成部分。
On July 7, 2021, the NDRC released the Development Plan for the Circular Economy in the 14th Five Year Plan Period, which put extra emphasis on recycling as a means of maximizing resources use and the life cycle of products. The plan sets several hard numerical targets for the government to reach by 2025, including:
2021年7月7日，国家发改委发布了《“十四五”期间循环经济发展规划》 ，其中特别强调循环利用作为最大化资源利用和产品生命周期的手段。该计划为政府设定了几个到2025年达到的硬性数字目标，包括:
Reaching a utilization rate of 86 percent for crop stalks, 60 percent for bulk solid waste, and 60 percent for construction waste
农作物秸秆利用率达到86% ，散装固体废物利用率达到60% ，建筑垃圾利用率达到60%
Utilizing 60 million tons of waste paper and 320 million tons of scrap steel
利用6000万吨废纸和3.2亿吨废钢
Producing 20 million tons of recycled non-ferrous metals
生产2000万吨再生有色金属
Increasing the output value of the resource recycling industry to RMB 5 trillion
将资源回收产业的产值提高到5万亿元人民币
Moreover, the plan also commits to act on:
此外，该计划还承诺采取以下行动:
Recycling park development
回收园发展
Improving recycling and utilization of electrical waste and electronic products
改善电子废物和电子产品的回收利用
Recycling used batteries
回收废旧电池
For foreign investors, standalone recycling is not economically attractive as yet. However, the sector potential may increase exponentially as local governments raise standards for waste management. Businesses engaging in the upstream and downstream industrial chain of the recycling sector, such as R&D and application of technologies for recycling and manufacturing of equipment for recycling or remanufacturing, should expect greater market scope in the medium to long term.
对于外国投资者来说，独立的回收利用在经济上还不具有吸引力。然而，随着地方政府提高废物管理标准，这一领域的潜力可能会成倍增长。从事回收部门上游或下游产业链的企业，例如研发和应用回收和制造回收或再制造设备的技术，应期待在中长期有更大的市场范围。
Recycling sectors that are encouraged for foreign investment:
鼓励外国投资的回收行业:
Recycling and treatment of waste and used electrical and electronic products, automobiles, mechanical and electrical equipment, rubbers, metals, and batteries
废旧电器电子产品、汽车、机电设备、橡胶、金属和电池的回收和处理
Recycling and reutilization of waste plastics
废旧塑料的回收利用
Recycling of building wastes
建筑废料的回收
Manufacturing of equipment for recycling, treatment and reutilization of waste and used plastics, electrical appliances, rubbers, and batteries
废旧塑料、电器、橡胶和电池的回收、处理和再利用设备的制造
Manufacturing of equipment for recycling of used and waste textiles
废旧纺织品回收设备制造
Manufacturing of equipment for remanufacturing of waste electromechanical products
废旧机电产品再制造设备的制造
Manufacturing of devices for comprehensive utilization of used and waste tires
废旧轮胎综合利用设备的制造
Manufacturing of equipment for utilization of waste heat, pressure, and gas
废热、废气、废气利用设备的制造
R&D and application of technologies for energy conservation, environmental protection, and recycling economy
节能、环保和循环经济技术的研发和应用
R&D and application of technologies for recycling and comprehensive utilization of resources and for recycling of emissions and discharges from enterprise production
研发和应用资源回收和综合利用技术以及企业生产排放物回收技术
Energy storage
能源储备
Energy storage will be crucial in China’s green transition, as the country needs an advanced energy-storage system to respond to the challenge of power-generation fluctuations via renewables and to facilitate the development of the local EV market.
能源储存对中国的绿色转型至关重要，因为中国需要先进的能源储存系统，以应对可再生能源发电量波动的挑战，并促进本地电动汽车市场的发展。
China has set goals to boost its non-pumped hydro energy storage capacity to around 30GW by 2025 and 100GW by 2030. Achieving this goal would require enhanced government supports and vigorous investment to the sector, which is expected to drive the boom of the strategic energy storage industry.
中国已经制定了目标，到2025年将其非抽水蓄能容量提高到30gw 左右，到2030年提高到100gw。实现这一目标需要政府加大支持力度，并对该行业进行大力投资，预计这将推动战略能源储备行业的繁荣。
Foreign investors are generally not restricted to access this sector while R&D and application of large energy-storage technologies are especially encouraged for foreign investment.
外国投资者一般不受限制进入这一部门，同时特别鼓励对外国投资进行研发和应用大型储能技术。
Challenges and solutions
挑战与解决方案
Investing in green industries in China offers significant, but often difficult to capture, opportunities.
在中国投资绿色产业提供了重要但往往难以抓住的机遇。
On the one hand, China has ambitious plans to decarbonize and become a world leader in green technology, leading to numerous investment opportunities and incentives to grow related sectors. On the other hand, many green industries, such as renewables, have traditionally been dominated by state-owned enterprises or domestic companies that receive subsidies, which undercut the foreign competition.
一方面，中国有雄心勃勃的脱碳计划，要成为绿色技术领域的世界领导者，从而带来大量的投资机会和发展相关行业的激励措施。另一方面，可再生能源等许多绿色产业传统上由国有企业或接受补贴的国内企业主导，这削弱了外国竞争。
Foreign investors must therefore be strategic when entering China in this market space, such as by partnering with local companies to be more competitive.
因此，外国投资者在进入中国这一市场时必须具有战略性，例如与当地公司合作以提高竞争力。
Moreover, as with other areas where China seeks to adopt advanced technology, businesses need to tread the line between offering high demand technology and know-how while simultaneously protecting intellectual property and market status, making partner identification and pre-investment strategy all the more important.
此外，与中国寻求采用先进技术的其它领域一样，企业需要在提供高需求技术和专门知识的同时，保护知识产权和市场地位，使合作伙伴识别和投资前战略变得更加重要。
