Unit 1
Cloze
(A)
1 aware 2 performance 3 average 4 adequate 5 set aside 6 mentions 7
look over 8 commit
(B)
1 if/once 2 about 3 it 4 know 5 up 6 as 7 from 8 words 9 into 10
other 11 for 12 when
Translation
1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。
His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing
his lessons regularly
2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。
Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home
3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。
I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job
4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。
The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good
study habits
5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。
In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various
kinds of difficult problems
6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。
Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read
but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension
7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。然而，事实未必如此。
Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls This is not
necessarily the case, however
8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。
Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving
their study habits
Unit 2
Cloze
(A)
1 adventure 2 in spite of 3 determined 4accomplish 5 voyage 6
attempts
7 dissuade 8 give up 9 covered
(B)
1 conquer 2 about 3 succeeded 4 between 5 through 6 high 7 sail 8
follow/take
9 round 10 then 11 but 12 As 13 made 14 fast 15 did 16 ever 17
that 18 did
Translation
1、幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了医院。
Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at one
2、胜利登上乔治岛后，船长向指挥部发了一份无线电报。
After succeeding in landing on George Island, the captain sent a radio
message to his headquarters
3、他决心继续他的实验，不过这次他将用另一种办法来做。
He is determined to continue his experiment but this time he’ll do it
another way
4、她读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那五年。
When she read the novel, she couldn’t help thinking of the five years she
had spent in the countryside
5、玛丽觉得单靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的。
Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by herself
6、我们认为他不能在一刻钟内走完那段距离，但他却成功地做到了这一点。
We didn't think he could cover the distance in a quarter of an hour, but
he succeeded in doing it
7、甚至在他的医生告诉他患有肺癌之后，奇切斯特仍不肯放弃环球航行的宿愿。
Even after his doctor told him he had lung cancer, Chichester would not
give up his old dream of sailing round the world
8、我正忙着在做一种新的捕鼠(rats)装置时，马克走来拖着我出去看花展了。
I was busy making a new device for catching rats when Mark came and
dragged me out to a flower show
Unit 3
Cloze
(A)
1 occasion 2present 3 endured 4 rare 5 trembled 6 all
7 at other times 8 disappointment 9 folded
(B)
1 neccessary 2and 3 with 4 The 5 of 6 in 7 growing 8 if 9 one 10
through 11 when 12 continue
1 present/gift 2 any/those 3 could 4 sing 5 sent 6 cost 7 birthday
8 bird 9 replied
Translation
1、那位演员似乎很乐意在剧中扮演一个次要角色。
That famous actor seemed content to play a minor part in the play
2、国庆节要到了，咱们把寝室彻底打扫一下吧。
National day is round the corner Let’s give our bedroom a thorough clean
3、她非常勉强地同意让一位年青的医生为她作手术。
She agreed, very reluctantly, to be operated on by a young doctor
4、他们已安排好让我们明天去游览长城，我相信我们在那儿一定会玩得很开心。
They’ve arranged for us to visit the Great Wall tomorrow I’m sure we’ll
have a good time there (we’ll enjoy ourselves there)
5、老人读完信后失望之极，竟用颤抖的手指把它撕得粉碎。
After reading the letter the old man was so disappointed that he tore it
into little bits with trembling fingers
6、老两口为他们的孙子感到骄傲，因为他在第二十六届奥运会上获得了两块金牌和一枚铜牌。
The old couple were proud of their grandson, who got/won two gold medals
and one bronze medal at the 26rd Olympic Games
7、即使他的祖母不能来参加他的生日宴会，她也会寄给他一件可爱的礼物。对这一点汤姆深信不疑。
Even if his grandmother could not come to his birthday party, she would
send him a lovely present Tom was sure of that
8、昨天是玛丽的二十岁生日。她父亲寄给她一双靴子，她母亲为她买了一盒巧克力糖。而她的男朋友则给她一束红玫瑰。
It was Mary’s twentieth birthday yesterday Her father sent her a pair of
boots Her mother bought her a box of chocolates And her boy friend
brought her a bunch of red roses
Unit 4
Cloze
(A)
1 proposed 2 prohibited 3 social 4 communicate 5actually 6 mental 7
rate 8 bringing
9 together 10 proposal 11 worthwhile 12 involve
(B)
1fun 2 turn 3 in 4 different/interesting 5 make 6 will 7 by/form
8latest 9 and 10 in
11 watch 12 or 13 in 14 to 15 There 16 for 17 may 18 home 19
reasons
1 but 2used 3little/bit 4few 5little 6number 7some 8while 9any
10deal 11no 12 Now
Translation
1、接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班，但约翰并不在意。
To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John
didn’t mind
2、众所周知，肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟过多而引起的。
It is well know that lung cancer is caused at least in part by smoking too
much
3、我祖父母说，发明电视的那个人曾住在他们那个地段。
My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived
in their neighborhood
4、我提议咱们会后马上去办公室找史斯密教授，邀请他参加我们的英语晚会。
I propose that we go to find Prof Smith in his office right after the
meeting and invite him to our English evening
5、她因那病开过两次刀，身体十分虚弱，几乎站不起来。
Having been operated on twice for the disease, she was so weakened that
she could barely stand up
6、教育家们认为，伴随着电视机长大的一代人，在电视机前花的时间太多，以致没有足够的时间学习了。
Educators think that the generation growing up with television spend so
much of their time in front of the TV that they do not have enough time
to study
7、我真希望你能拿出一个比这更好的解决办法来。
I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this
8、乍一看，这幅画并不好，但经过仔细观察，我们才发现它的的确观察，我们才发现它的确是一幅杰作。
At first glance the picture didn’t look very good, but after examining it
carefully we found that it was indeed a masterpiece
Unit 5
Cloze
(A)
1 nothing but 2impatience 3lest 4miserable 5indignant 6wronged
7misery 8broke into
9anxiously 10caught sight of
(B)
1to 2mine 3going 4ought 5nothing/nobody 6mind/decision 7and 8then
9on 10town 11find/see
12full 13walded 14before 15to 16the 17returned 18looking 19when
20at
21However 22restaurants 23for 24feling 25which 26before 27where
28must 29Merry
1、史密斯医生从窗口望出去，突然看到一个年轻人正向他的诊所奔来。
Looking out of the window, Dr Smith caught sight of a young man running
towards his clinic
2、艾米过去除了咖啡什么都不喝。
Amy used to drink nothing but coffee
3、迈拉得知丈夫在事故中受了伤便哭了起来。
Myra broke into tears when she learned that her husband had got injured in
an accident
4、我们好几天没有看见怀特**了。她是病倒了还还是怎么了？
W haven’t seen Miss White for quite a few days Has she fallen ill of
something
5、研究所所长亲自查明一切都没有问题。
The director of the research institute came in person to make sure that
everything was all right
6、伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。他应该早一点起床的。肯定是昨晚睡得太迟了。
Lennie was late for school again this morning He ought to /should have
got up earlier He must have stayed up too late last night
7、嗨，你不应该把那些孩子赶跑。他们是来帮忙的，不是来捣蛋的。
Say you oughtn’t to have driven away those kids They came to lend you a
hand, not to make trouble
8、对护士来说，坚持这项规定是很重要的。
It is important for nurses to stick to this rule
Unit 6
Cloze
(A) basis, efficiency, neat, quality, inspect, productive, findings, flow, amazed, suggestions, management
(B) places/roles, bored, enjoy/like, traveling/going, hour, the, in, telling/ordering,
didn't, until, job, mine, take/accept, stay, at, being, understand, so, boring/dull, work,
an, until, on, right/correct, so, what, problems
Tranlation
1、据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。
It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a flood
2、罢工结果，资方接受了工人的要求。
The strike resulted in the management accepting the workers’ demands
3、煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。
The coalminers decided to go on strike for better working conditions
4、我很想买下这本英文词典，遗憾的是我身上带的钱不够。
I’d like very much to buy the English dictionary Unfortunately , I haven’t got enough money on me
5、我想先和你讨论一下这篇文章的英译稿，然后再把它寄给霍布斯先生。
I’d like to talk over with you the English translation of the article before sending it to Mr Hobbs
6、那位外国专家希望在三年内达到所有的目标。
The Blacks happened to be at the cinema when their house caught fire
7、一个科学家要跟上本领域的新发展，你认为必须做些什么？
What do you think a scientist must do in order to keep up with the latest developments in his field
8、作者认为，如果优秀工人经常得到加薪和提级，他们就会有更大的生产积极性。
The author thinks that if excellent workers get frequent pay increases and promotions, they will have greater incentive to produce
Unit 7
Cloze
(A) elderly, worn, evident, afford, laid out, sampled, intention, out of place,
prosperous, come down, favour, counted out
(B) when, in, deep, for, of, must, so, went, kindly, come, drink, offer,
bar, a, to, haven't, catch, ask, answered
Translation
1、萨姆买不起他极想要那种照相机，因为那相机太贵了。
Sam could not afford (to buy) the camera he longed for because it was too expensive
2、整个上午他都在忙惊天动地写那篇故事，只是偶尔停下来喝杯茶。
He was busy writing the story all the morning , only breaking off occasionally to have some tea
3、他是个富人家的儿子，不过看上去已经家道中落了。
He is the son of a wealthy family, but he seems to have come down in the world
4、他常利用她缺乏(lack)生意头脑(business sense)而欺骗她。
He often took advantage of her lack of business sense to cheat her
5、王教授，请您赏光来参加我们星期六的英语晚会好吗？
Prof Wang , would you do us a favor by coming to our English evening this Saturday
6、看外表他一点也不像是个八十多岁的老人。
He does not seem to be an old man in his eighties, considering his appearance
7、他们肯定没打算把他培养成一名工程师，我猜想他们永远也不会这样做。
Undoubtedly they do not have the intention of making an engineer of him, and I suspect they never will
8、我怀疑这家工厂什么质量控制也没有。经过一周的观察，我发现情况果真如此。
I suspected there was no quality control whatsoever in the factory After making observations for a week I found it was indeed the cases
Unit 8
Cloze
(A) deliver, tragic, nervous, awkward, immediately, extended, eager, came out,
responsible, hold, in, got to his feet
(B) were, everywhere, of, was, left, go, an, towards, where, far, battle, who,
angrily/loudly, when, know
Translation
1、她弯腰捡起手帕在桌子上把它弄平。
She stooped to pick up the handkerchief and smoothed it out on the table
2、他那句话的含意是他想在政府部门找个工作。
The implication of his statement is that he'd like a job in a government department
3、她停顿了一会，用一块小手帕擦了擦嘴，然后又继续给我们讲衬衫厂里发生的事情。
She paused a moment, wiped her mouth with a small handkerchief and then went on to tell us what had happened in the shirt factory
4、亚当斯先生发现他十三岁的儿子正从他的皮夹子里偷钱大为震惊。
Mr Adams was greatly shocked to find his 13-year-old son stealing money from his wallet
5、“请不要打断我，”亚当斯先生对妻子说：“我正在跟汤姆谈他刚才做的事情。”
“Please do not interrupt me , ” said Mr Adams to his wife “I’m talking to Tom about what he was just done”
6、我怎么能为他讲的话负责呢？
How can I be responsible for what he says
7、小男孩急于想减轻那位妇人的痛苦，但不知道该怎么办。
The young boy was eager to make the woman less unhappy, but he did not know what to do
8、他努力控制住自己的感情，假超前享受没有听见那个令人悲痛的消息。
With an effort, he held in his feelings and pretended not to hear the sad news
Unit 9
Cloze
(A) potential, complex, differs, ancient, recent, limit, ability, recall, exactly, compared to,
unable, complicated
(B) 1 to, with, hear, side, with, it, side, work, both, done/made, which, with, both, who, much, working, which, therefore, to
2 An, something, forgotten, and, important, you, review, have, what, of, where, learnt, continue, shown, what, for, break, will, just, During, exercise, because, Therefore/So, Listening, air, other/right
Translation
1、某些化学药品不该混和在一起，因为它们可能引起剧烈的反应。
Certain chemicals should not be mixed, as they may have a violent reaction
2、最近的事件证明他们对政府新的外交政策所持的态度是正确的。
Recent events have proved that their attitude to the government's new foreign policy is correct
3、这位古希腊哲学家似乎能够用简单的文字表达复杂的思想。
This philosopher of ancient Greece seemed able to put complicated thoughts into simple words
4、那个国家一再卷入战争。
Over and over again, the nation has got involved in foreign wars
5、我们就这个问题进行了一番非常热烈的讨论，然而要确切地说出每个人讲了些什么却不容易。
We had a very heated discussion about the question However, it’s not easy to tell exactly what each person said
6、在过去二十年中，对于癌的起因的研究在数量上有了很大的增长。
In the past twenty years, there has been a great increase in the amount of research being done on the cause of cancer
7、人们学习的能力似乎是无限的。
There seems to be no limit to human beings' ability to learn
8、科学家们一致认为更好地了解人脑将有助于人们充分利用其无限的潜力。
Scientists all agree that a better understanding of the human brain will help man to make full se of its limitless potential
Unit 10
Cloze
(A) mysterious, caught up in, dusty, made her way, painfully, approached, take him back, vanish, pulled into
(B) least, feel, at, for, unless, with, anywhere, happened, its, the, better, anything, in, one, said, about, over, name, which, offered, who, frightened, take, by, dead, cut, else, sleeping, following, had, on, if
Translation
1、教授走进教室时，我们正兴致勃勃地讨论中东的形势。
We were caught up in a discussion about the situation in the Middle East when the professor walked into the classroom
2、一辆卡车驶进了学校积雪覆盖的操场。
A truck pulled into the snow-covered playground of the school
3、午夜后某个时候，敌人被迫撤退了。
Sometime after midnight, the enemy was/were forced to retreat
4、就是在那间斗室里，他们勤奋地工作着，憧憬着美好的未来。
It was in that small room that they worked diligently and dreamed of better days to come
5、老太太听到铃响，便从椅子上站起来，向门口走去。
When she heard the bell ringing, the old lady rose from her chair and made her way to the door
6、经过一天的战斗，我们的士兵成功地占领了敌人的一些重要阵地。
After a day’s fight, our soldiers succeeded in taking over some important enemy positions
7、老妇人愤愤地大声叫喊说，那个女店员欺骗了她。
The elderly woman angrily exclaimed that she had been cheated by the shop girl
8、我上汽车不久就注意到一个外貌很怪的男人。他穿着一件不合身的上衣，一动不动地坐在位子上。
Soon after I boarded the bus, I noticed a strange-looking man He wore an ill-fitting coat, and sat rooted in his seat
不知道是不是你想要的
大学英语精读怎么学
大学英语精读第四册Unit One课文介绍
导语：我们都曾幻想自己有一大笔钱，下面是一篇讲述获得一大笔钱的简单方式的英语课文，欢迎大家学习。
Text
Two college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is
BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAY
John G Hubbell
"You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time" I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags
"I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered
"I can live with it," his brother agreed
"But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you"
The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing Pleased, I left town on a business trip By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home The phone rang It was my wife She wanted to know how my day had gone
"Great!" I enthused "How was your day" I inquired
"Super!" She snapped "Just super! And it's only getting started Another truck just pulled up out front"
"Another truck"
"The third one this evening The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of something Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening
What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning
"Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted
" Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!"
"Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk What do we do about all this"
"Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed "They're college men They'll do what they have to do"
At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on Some are whole magazine sections We have hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, of pages of advertising here! They are crammed wall-to-wall all through the house in stacks taller than your oldest son There's only enough room for people to walk in, take one each of the eleven inserts, roll them together, slip a rubber band around them and slide them into a plastic bag We have enough plastic bags to supply every takeout restaurant in America!" Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear "All this must be delivered by seven o'clock Sunday morning"
"Well, you had better get those guys banding and sliding as fast as they can, and I'll talk to you later Got a lunch date
When I returned, there was another urgent call from my wife
"Did you have a nice lunch" she asked sweetly I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so
"Awful," I reported "Some sort of sour fish Eel, I think"
"Good Your college sons have hired their younger brothers and sisters and a couple of neighborhood children to help for five dollars each Assembly lines have been set up In the language of diplomacy, there is 'movement'"
"That's encouraging"
"No, it's not," she corrected "It's very discouraging They're been as it for hours Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn't made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! It's almost as if the inserts keep reproducing themselves!"
"Another thing," she continued "Your college sons must learn that one does not get the best out of employees by threatening them with bodily harm
Obtaining an audience with son NO 1, I snarled, "I'll kill you if threaten one of those kids again! Idiot! You should be offering a bonus of a dollar every hour to the worker who fills the most bags
"But that would cut into our profit," he suggested
"There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed"
There was a short, thoughtful silence Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality"
"Do it!"
"Yes, sir!"
By the following evening, there was much for my wife to report The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bossed collected hundreds of dollars each The organizer had declared that all the workers were entitled to $5 per hour! They would not work another minute until the bosses agreed
The strike lasted less than two hours In mediation, the parties agreed on $2 per hour Gradually, the huge stacks began to shrink
As it turned out, the job was completed three hours before Sunday's 7 am deadline By the time I arrived home, the boys had already settled their accounts: $150 in labor costs, $40 for gasoline, and a like amount
for gifts—boxes of candy for saintly neighbors who had volunteered station wagons and help in delivery and dozen roses for their mother This left them with $185 each — about two-thirds the minimum wage for the 91 hours they worked Still, it was "enough", as one of them put it, to enable them to "avoid indignity" for quite a while
All went well for some weeks Then one Saturday morning my attention was drawn to the odd goings-on of our two youngest sons They kept carrying carton after carton from various corners of the house out the front door to curbside I assumed their mother had enlisted them to remove junk for a trash pickup Then I overheard them discussing finances
"Geez, we're going to make a lot of money!"
"We're going to be rich!"
Investigation revealed that they were offering " for sale or rent" our entire library
"No! No!" I cried "You can't sell our books!"
"Geez, Dad, we thought you were done with them!"
"You're never 'done' with books," I tried to explain
"Sure you are You read them, and you're done with them That's it Then you might as well make a little money from them We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for……"
New Wordsbuck
n (sl) US dollar
plastic
a 塑料的
n (pl) 塑料
doorknob
n 门把手
leisurely
a unhurried 从容的，慢慢的'
leisure
n free time 空闲时间，闲暇
lucrative
a profitable 有利的;赚钱的
pain
vt cause pain to
panhandle
vi (AmE) beg esp on the streets
delivery
n delivering (of letters, goods, etc)投递;送交
enthuse
vi show enthusiasm
inquire
vt ask
super
a (colloq) wonderful, splendid; excellent
snap
vt say(sth) sharply 厉声说
insert
n 插页
normally
ad in the usual conditions; ordinarily 通常
company
n 公司
echo
vt say or do what another person says or does; repeat 附和;重复
ad
n (short for) advertisement
inform
vt tell; give information 告知
porch
n (AmE) veranda 门廊
armload
n as much as one arm or both arms can hold; armful
walk
n a path specially arranged or paved for walking 人行道
unnaturally
ad in an unnatural way 不自然地
quaver
vi (of the voice or sound) shake; tremble 颤抖
truckload
n as much or as many as a truck can carry
department store
n store selling many different kinds of goods in separate departments 百货公司
dime
n coin of US and Canada worth ten cents
dime store
n (AmE) a store selling a large variety of low-priced articles; variety store 廉价商品店;小商口店
drugstore
n (AmE) a store that sells not only medicine, but also beauty products, film, magazines, and food 药店，杂货店
grocery
n a store that sells food and household supplies 食品杂货店
section
n part of subdivision of a piece of writing, book, newspaper, etc; portion (文章等的)段落;节;部分
cram
vt fill too full; force or press into a small space 把……塞满;把……塞进
stack
n an orderly; heap or group of things 一叠(堆、垛等)
band
n flat, thin piece of material 带;带状物
vt tie up with a band 捆扎
rubber band
n 橡皮筋
takeout
a (餐馆)出售外卖菜的
range
n the distance at which one can see or hear (听觉、视觉等)的范围
marvel(l)ous
a wonderful; astonishing
steak
n 牛排;大块肉(或鱼)片
sour
a 酸的
eel
n 鳗鲡
diplomacy
n 外交
encouraging
a 鼓舞人心的
dent
n a hollow in a hard surface made by a blow or pressure; initial progress凹痕，凹坑，初步进展
reproduce
vt produce the young of (oneself or one's own kind) 生殖，繁殖
bodily
a of the human body; physical
harm
n damage or wrong 伤害
audience
n the people gathered in a place to hear or see; a chance to be heard 观众;听众;陈述意见的机会
snarl
vt speak in a harsh voice 咆哮着说
bonus
n an extra payment to workers 奖金
thoughtful
a give to or indicating thought 沉思的，思考的
cash
n money in coins or notes 现金
activist
n a person taking an active part esp in a political movement 激进分子
work force
n total number of workers employed in a particular factory, industry or area 工人总数;劳动人口
competitive
a 竞争的
organizer
n person who organizes things 组织者
mediation
n 调解
party
n one of the people or sides in an agreement or argument 一方;当事人
gradually
ad slowly and by degrees
gradual
a
shrink (shrank, shrunk)
vi become less or smaller 减少;变小
deadline
n fixed limit of finishing a piece of work 最后期限
station wagon
n 小型客车，客货两用车
minimum (pl minima or minimums)
n the smallest possible amount, number, etc 最低限度的量、数等
minimum wage
n the lowest wage permitted by law or by agreement for certain work 法定最工资
odd
a strange; unusual
goings-on
n activities, usu of an undesirable kind
carton
n a cardboard box for holding goods 纸板箱(或盒) curbside
n the area of sidewalk at or near curb (curb: 人行道的镶边石)
enlist
vt obtain the support and help of; cause to join the armed forces 取得……的支持和帮助;征募
trash
n waste material to be thrown away; rubbish 垃圾
pickup
n a small light truck with an open back used for light deliveries 小卡车;轻型货车
overhear
vt hear by chance; hear without the knowledge of the speaker(s)无意中听到;偷听到
finance
n money matters; (used in pl) money; (science of ) the management of funds 财政;钱财;金融
geez
int哎呀，呀
sale
n the act of selling sth
Phrases & expressionspull up
bring or come to a stop (使)停下
a piece of cake
(informal) sth very easy to do
even as
just at the same moment as
know better than
be wise or experienced enough not (to do sth) 明事理而不至于
be at
be occupied with, be doing
make a dent (in)
make less by a very small amount; reduce slightly; make a first step towards success(in)减少一点;取得初步进展
cut into
reduce; decrease 减少
have no business
have no right or reason 无权，没有理由
settle for
accept, although not altogether satisfactory (无可奈何地)满足于
settle one's account
pay what one owes 结帐
quite a while
a fairly long time
draw(sb's) attention to
make sb notice, or be aware of
for sale
intended to be sold
for rent
available to be rented
be done with
stop doing or using; finish 做完，不再使用
may/might/could as well
with equal or better effect 不妨，还不如，最好
Proper NamesMontgomery Ward
蒙哥马利—沃德百货公司
Sears, Roebuck
西尔斯—罗百克百货公司
;大学英语精读第四册第十单元内容详解
建议如下: 1、 心理素质影响学习效果 首先,要对外语保持长时间稳定而积极的态度这可以归结为“恒心”两个字有了它,才能像蚕吃桑叶一样,一口又一口,坚持不懈地去啃,直到预定目标顺利攻克 其次,还需要一定的自律能力该复习时不复习,遗忘规律就会无情地吞噬着你的一部分记忆成果；该补漏时不补漏,漏洞就会不断积累扩大所以需要有自律能力,约束自己按科学原则去运转 2、 看写读听背——多管齐下效率高难度 一般来说,大家学英语都有各自的一套办法：有的只爱大声读个不停,有的只爱闷头看个不休,有的不写就记不住,有的不听心里就没有底这些方法,虽然都有一定的作用,但记忆科学通过大量的实验,无可辩驳地证明：眼手口舌脑的综合运用,才能更快更深地在大脑皮层上留下不易磨灭的印象 学外语尤其需要多种感官的综合运用否则,搞不好学成“残疾外语”,或一听就发慌两耳一抹黑的“聋子外语” 3、 “活”单词与“死”单词 经常听说某某发下宏愿：要一口气背下一本几千甚至几万词的字典,认为这样可以一劳永逸地解决单词量的问题不幸的是,这样做的人,大部分都失败了背了若干遍的单词,仍很难在脑子里生根,不是很快忘掉,就是搅成一团乱麻因为他们背的都是脱离了句子和课文的“死”单词,大脑对这类东西格外难以留下印象 如何使单词“起死回生”呢我的办法是——背课文!因为它有故事情节,较生动,易印像深刻 课文不局限于教科书,也可以是讲演稿,新闻评论,散文……总之,就是能把一个个冰冷的单词变成生机勃勃的故事的文章在大量的整段的背诵中,多次的重复不断激活记忆的单词,其用法自然而然就深入骨髓了实际上,这种“深入骨髓”就形成了学语言最重要的“语感”! 4、 复习间隔合理,可以省时高效 英语是一门记忆量很大的学科,有效的记忆就成了一个关键著名科学家茅以升先生,是个记忆力超群的人人们问到他的记忆秘诀,他的回答是：重复!重复!再重复!重复被人们称为学习之母不重复,记住的知识就会在遗忘率的支配下,不多久就只剩下一点儿“残汤剩饭”根据一些知名人士建议,每七天复习巩固一次为宜 5、 把英语作为一门文化来学 语言和文化是不分家的,还应当了解一些英语语言的文化背景知识,以便更准确地明白其含义
大学英语精读课文翻译
大学英语精读第四册第十单元内容详解
导语：工作对社会的意义，社会的发展进步，与每个社会组成成员的选择倾向是有密切关系的。下面是一篇关于人为什么工作的英语课文，欢迎阅读。
Text
Do you view work as a burden or an opportunity Are you the kind of person who looks for ways to save your energy or the kind that finds spending your energy satisfying Why do people like to complain about work Find the answers to question like these in the following essay
WHY PEOPLE WORK
Leonard R Sayles
Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness sand contentment We're all used to thinking that work provides the material things of life -- the goods and services that make possible our modern civilization But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life
Historically, work has been associated with slavery and sin and punishment And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints: "I can't wait for my vacation," "I wish I could stay home today," "My boss treats me poorly," "I've got too much work to do and not enough time to do it" Against this background, it may well come as a surprise to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individual's happiness and sense of personal achievement Work is more than a necessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source of their identity and creativity
Rather than a punishment or a burden, work is the opportunity to realize one's potential Many psychiatrists heading mental health clinics have observed its healing effect A good many patients who feel depressed in clinics gain renewed self-confidence when gainfully employed and lose some, if not all, of their most acute symptoms Increasingly, institutions dealing with mental health problems are establishing workshops wherein those too sick to get a job in "outside" industry can work, while every effort is exerted to arrange "real" jobs for those well enough to work outside
And the reverse is true, too For large numbers of people, the absence of work is harmful to their health Retirement often brings many problems surrounding the "What do I do with myself" question, even though there may be no financial cares Large numbers of people regularly get headaches and other illnesses on weekends when they don't have their jobs to go to, and must fend for themselves It has been observed that unemployment, quite aside from exerting financial pressures, brings enormous psychological troubles and that many individuals deteriorate rapidly when jobless
But why Why should work be such a significant source of human satisfaction A good share of the answer rests in the kind of pride that is stimulated by the job, by the activity of accomplishing
Pride in Accomplishment
The human being longs for a sense of being accomplished, of being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind, with his will Each of us wants to feel he or she has the ability to do something that is meaningful and that serves as a tribute to our inherent abilities
It is easiest to see this in the craftsman who lovingly shapes some cheap material into an object that may be either useful or beautiful or both You can see the carpenter or bricklayer stand aside and admire the product of his personal skill
But even where there is no obvious end product that is solely attributable to one person's skill, researchers have found that employees find pride in accomplishment Our own research in hospitals suggests that even the houskeeping and laundry staffs take pride in the fact that in their own ways they are helping to cure sick people -- and thus accomplishing good deal
We're often misled by the complaints surrounding difficult work; deep down most people regard their won capacity to conquer the tough job as the mark of their own unique personality Complaining is just part of working After all, how else do you know who you are, except as you can demonstrate the ability of your mind to control you limbs ad hands and words You are, in significant measure, what you can do
Some are deceived into thinking that people like to store up energy, to rest and save themselves as much as possible Just the opposite It is energy expenditure that is satisfying
Just watch an employee who must deal with countless other people because his or her job is at some central point in a communications network: a salesman at a busy counter, a stock broker on the phone, a customer representative They will tell you how much skill and experience it takes to answer countless questions and handle various kinds of personalities every hour of the day Not everyone can interact with such persistence and over long hours, but those who do, pride themselves on a distinctive ability that contributes mightily to the running of the organization
But work is more than accomplishment and pride in being able to command the job, because except for a few craftsmen and artists most work takes place "out in the world," with an through other people
Esprit de corps
Perhasps an example will make the point:
I remember viewing a half dozen me in a chair factory whose job it was to bend several pieces of steel and attach them so that a folding chair would result While there were ten or twelve of these "teams" that worked together, one in particular was known for its perfect coordination and lightning-like efforts The men knew they were good They would work spurts for twenty or thirty minutes before taking a break -- to show themselves, bystanders and other groups what it was to be superbly skilled and self-controlled, to be the best in the factory
When I talked with them, each expressed enormous pride in being a part of the fastest, best team And this sense of belonging to an accomplished work group is one of the distinctive satisfactions of the world of work
One further word about work group satisfactions Unlike may other aspects of life, relationships among people at work tend to be simpler, less complicated, somewhat less emotional This is not to say there aren't arguments and jealousies, but, on the whole, behavioral research discloses that human relations at work are just easier, perhaps because they are more regular and predictable and thus simpler to adjust to than the sporadic, the more intense and less regular relationships in the community And the work group also gently pressures its members to learn how to adjust to one another so that the "rough edges" are worked off because people know they must do certain things with and through one another each day
Beyond the team and the work group, there is the organization, whether it be company or hospital or university The same pride in being part of a well-coordinated, successful unit is derived from being part of a larger collectivity Working for a company that is though of as being part of the best in the community can provide employees with both status and self-confidence They assume, usually with good reason, that others regard them more highly, even envy them, and that they are more competent than the average because of this association with a "winner," a prestigious institution We in truth bask in the reflected glory of the institution, and we seek ways of asserting our membership so that others will know and can recognize our good fortune
New Wordscontentment
n happiness; satisfaction 满足
civilization
n 文明
intangible
a that can not be touched or grasped 触摸不到的
crucial
a decisive; critical 决定性的，关键的
pschological
a of the soul or mind 心理的
historically
ad in the course of history, in accordance with or in respect to history
associate
vt connect or bring together in one's mind 联想
slavery
n the system of having slaves; the condition of being a slave 奴隶制度;奴隶身份
sin
n behavior that is against the principles of morality; an immoral act 罪孽
punishment
n punishing or being punished 惩罚
complaint
n complaining; a statement expressing unhappiness, pain, dissatisfaction 抱怨
behavioral
a of or having to do with behavior 行为的
contribution
n act of contributing; sth contributed
necessity
n sth that is necessary; the condition of being necessary, needed or unavoidable 必需品;必要性
focus
n the central point; centre of interest 焦点
creativity
n the ability to produce new and orignal ideas and things; inventiveness创造性
clinic
n building or part of a hospital where doctors give specialized medical treatment and advice; a medical institution for special purposes 诊所
heal
v (cause to) become healthy 治愈，愈合，痊愈
depressed
a sad; low in spirits 精神抑郁的，情绪沮丧的
depress
vt make sad, low in spirits
renew
vt reestablish; give new life and freshness to 使更新
gainfully
ad profitably
acute
a severe; strong 严重的，急性的
symptom
a a change in the body's condition that indicates illness 症状
institution
n a society, club, college or any organization established for some public or social purpose 公共机构
workshop
n a room of building which contains tools or machinery for making or repairing things 车间，工场
wherein
conj in which
exert
vt use(strength, skill, etc) 尽力
reverse
n the opposite; the other way round, the back 相反，背面
absence
n non-existence; lack
retirement
n instance of retiring or being retired; condition of being retired 退休
financial
a relating to money 财政的;金融的
weekend
n Saturday and Sunday, esp when considered as a holiday from work
fend
vi provide(for) 供养;照料
unemployment
n the state of being unemployed
significant
a of noticeable importance or effect 重大的
significance n
satisfaction
n be state of being satisfied 满足
satisfactory a
accomplished
a skilled, expert 有才艺的;有造诣的
tribute
n material evidence of one's worth, virtue, etc
inherent
a existing as a natural and permanent part or quality of 内在的，生来的
craftsman
n a highly skilled workman 手艺人，(名)工匠
bicklayer
n a workman who builds with bricks
attributable
a that can be attributed 可归因于……的
attribute
vt 把……归因为
housekeeping
n management of a home and its affairs 家政
staff
n the group of workers who carry on a job (全体)员工
capacity
n ability, power; the amount that sth can hold or produce 能力;容量
tough
a difficult to do or deal with 艰巨的
unique
n being the only one of its type 独特的
limb
n the leg, arm or wing of an animal 肢，翼
opposite
n a person or thing that is entirely different from another 对立面，对立物
countless
a very many; too many to be counted
broker
n person who buys and sells for others 经纪人，掮客
stock broker
n a person who buys and sells stocks and bonds for other for a commission 证券经纪人
representative
n a person acting in place of one or more others 代表
interact
vi act on each other 相互作用
persistence
n the act or fact of keeping on doing sth in spite of difficulty or opposition 坚持
persist vi
distinctive
a clearly marking a person or thing as different from other 特殊的;与众不同的
mightily
ad with power and strength; greatly
esprit de corps
n (French) spirit of loyalty and devotion which unites the members of a group or society 团体精神，集体荣誉感
coordination
n harmonious adjustment or working together 协调
coordinate vt
lightning
闪电
bystander
n a person standing near but not taking part in an event or activity; onlooker 旁观者
superbly
ad magnificently; first class
aspect
n one side or view of a subject 方面
relationship
n a friendship between people; connection 关系
disclose
make known; show by uncovering 揭示
sporadic
a occurring now and then; occasional 零星发生的,偶尔的
collectivity
n people collectively, especially as forming a community or state 集体
collective a
status
n (high) social or professional position 地位,身份
envy
vt feel admiration or ill-will toward (sb) because he has the good fortune one wishes to have 羡慕;妒忌
winner
n one that wins or seems destined to win or be successful
prestigious
a having respect that results from the good reputation (of a person, nation, etc)有声望的
bask
vi sit or lie in enjoyable warmth and light (舒适地) 取暖,享受
reflect
vt throw back (light, heat, sound or image) 反射;反映
assert
vt demonstrate the existence of; declare forcefully 宣称,断言
membership
n the state of being a member, of a club, society, etc all the members of a club, society, etc
Phrases & expressionsassociate with
connect with (often mentally) 把…与…联系在一起
rather than
instead of
fend for oneself
look after oneself 照料自己，自行谋生
aside from
besides, apart from 除…以外
long for
desire (to have )sth strongly 渴望
take pride in
fell please and happy because of 为…而感到得意
store up
put away for future use 储存，储备
pride oneself on
regard as a special reason for pride or satisfaction 以……自豪
make the/one's point
prove that sth is true 证明一个论点
in particular
especially
at work
busy at a job; doing work
one the whole
considering everything; in general
work off
get rid of, dispose 除去，清除
;大学英语精读预备级的介绍
第一份工作
当我等待大学入学的这段时间内，我在当地的报纸上看到一则招聘教师的广告，学校在伦敦郊区，离我住的地方大约10英里。由于非常缺钱，并且想做一些有意义的事，我应征了。我担心的是，我没有学位并且没有教学经验，这样获得这份工作的机会会很渺小。
尽管如此，三天后我收到了一封信，通知我去克里登面试。这是一次尴尬的行程：坐火车到克里登车站，再坐10分钟汽车，然后是至少15分钟的紧张步行。
学校是红色的砖房，有大大的窗户，前面的庭院是碎厂广场，四棵常青树分别在广场的四角，它们在充斥着来自车来车往的主干公路上的灰烟中存活下来。
很明显是校长本人开的门，他矮且胖。有沙子色的小胡子，额头布满皱纹，头发很少。
他诧异地不赞同地看着我，就像上校看着一个没系靴带的士兵一样。"哦,"他嘀咕说，"你最好进来"。走廊狭窄，没有阳光，充满着不新鲜的卷心菜的难闻气味。墙壁很脏，布满墨水的印迹。一切都很安静。他的办公室，从地毯上的面包渣来判断，也是他的餐厅。“你最好坐下”他说，然后开始问我一些问题：
他问我在普通学校学过什么科目，多大年纪，参加过什么比赛。然后突然用他充血的眼睛注视我，问我，是否认为比赛在一个男孩的教育过程中十分重要。我含糊地回答了一些，并未附上太多重要性。他嘀咕，说我说错了。校长和我显然很少有共同点。
学校，他说，由一个有24个7-13岁的男孩的班级组成。除美术由他自己教以外，我要教他们此外所有的课程。每星期三和星期六的下午，在一英里以外的公园踢足球和板球。教学设置使我忧心重重。我首先要把班级分成3组，基于三个水平轮流教;而且我也很担心教代数和几何，因为我在学校就学的不好。更糟的也许是星期六下的板球，这在我的朋友看来也许是很享受的事。
我胆怯地问“我的薪水会是多少？”“每周12英磅外加外饭”在我还没来得及抗议时，他站起来，说“现在，你最好见见我的妻子，她才是学校的真正经营者”
这是我最后的稻草。我非常年轻：在一个女人手下工作是最大的侮辱。
《大学英语精读（预备级）（学生用书）（第3版）》以《大学英语课程教学要求（试行）》为依据，历经三年调研，汲取全国数百所高校师生的建议和意见，旨在发扬我国大学英语教学的优良传统，推广成功经验，为新时期人才培养再作贡献。
