高考英语语法填空考点一
若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一般是填连词：Eg. He envied the farmers who hadthe beautiful night stars to give them light ______ his family hadonly expensive lanterns.(答案：while/because/as)(2009 广州普通高中毕业班综合测试一)
若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do，does，did等)：Eg. The appointment clerksaid that the doctor ______ see her at 3:30.(答案：could)
若缺状语，一般是填副词(在自由填空中考的较少，即使考，也是些常见的简短的.副词，如then 等)：Eg. If the primarygoal of language use is communication，_______ mistakes are secondaryconsiderations.(答案：then)
在冠词后，一般是名词或one(s)，other(s)等代词。在这一阶段中，通过长期地分析，学生自然可以掌握语法填空的解题技巧。
Eg. But Jane knew from past experience that her ________(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. (答案：choice)(2009 年广东高考)
高考英语语法填空考点二定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有?那(这)个?的意思，但意义较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物。例如：
Take the medicine. 把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事。例如：
He bought a house. I?ve been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3)指世上独一无二的事物。例如：
the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth等。
4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物。例如：
the dollar，the fox等。
或与形容词、分词连用，表示一类人。例如：
the rich，the living等。
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面。例如：
Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二层。
That?s the very thing I?ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
6)与复数名词连用，指整个群体。例如：
They are the teachers of this school. (指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)
7)表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。例如：
She caught me by the arm. 她抓住了我的胳膊。
8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前。例如：
the People?s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United States 美国
9)用在表示乐器的名词之前。例如：
She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人。例如：
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
11)用在惯用语中。例如：
in the day，in the morning(afternoon，evening)，the day after tomorrow，the day before yesterday，the next morning，in the sky(water，field，country)，in the dark，in the rain，in the distance，in the middle(of)，in the end，on the whole，by the way，go to the theatre
高考英语语法填空考点三1)国名、人名前通常不用定冠词：例如：
England，Mary
2)泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词。例如：
They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3)抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词。例如：
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
4)物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词。例如：
Man cannot live without water. 离开水人就无法生存。
5)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词。例如：
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
6)在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词。例如：
The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词。例如：
have breakfast，play chess。
8)当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词。例如：
by bus，by train。
9)有些个体名词不用冠词。当school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义。例如：
go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)
10)不用冠词的序数词;
a. 序数词前有物主代词时。
b. 序数词作副词。例如：
He came first in the race. 他跑步得了第一。
c. 在固定词组中。例如：
at(the)first，first of all，from first to last
高三英语知识点归纳|高考英语考点总结
在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，给考生的理解增加了困难。在近几年的NMET中，省略现象十分常见，为帮助考生更好地迎战高考，现对省略现象总结如下
一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。?
1. This beeper works well，but that one doesn't (work well).
这个寻呼机工作正常，但那个就不行。?
2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234
units，some (of them) (weigh) 235 units，and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.?
所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。其中有的重234，有的重235，而有的重238。?
二、在when，while，if， as if，though(或although)，as，until，once，wheth er，unless，
where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。?
1. When (water is) pure，water is a colorless liquid. 水纯净时，是无色的液体。?
2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help. 我困难时总是找她帮助。?
3. Errors，if any，should be corrected.?
如果有什么错误，就应当改正。(if后省略了there are)?
4. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. 木头燃烧时，它放出很多烟。?
5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for. 这封信留在这里待领。?
6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something.
亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。?
7. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak.
她尽管体弱，但学习仍十分努力。?
三、当见到“when (或if，where，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast a s，than等)+
possible/necessary等”时，可理解中间省略了it is(或was)。?
1. Answer these questions，if (it is) possible without referring to the book.?
如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。?
2. When (it is) necessary you can help us to do something.
必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。?
四、有形式主语it的主语从句可省略that。?
1. It seems (或appears) (that) Joe is out，not Jack. 外出不在的似乎是乔，不是杰克。
2. It is an honor (that) I was invited to your birthday party.
我很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。?
3. It's a pity (that) you can't operate a computer.?很遗憾，你不会操作计算机。?
4. It is the third time (that) I have come to China.?这是我第三次来中国。?
五、在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whom，which，that。?
1. That is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week.?
那就是我们上周议论的淘气男孩。?
六、在direction(方向)，way(方式)，distance(距离)，time(时间)，times(倍数)等后面所
接的定语从句中常省略that，which，in which。?
1. The direction (in which) we move a body can be changed.?
我们移动物体的方向是可以改变的。?
2. The distance (which或that) light travels in one second is 300，000 kilometers.?
光每秒走的距离是30万公里。?
七、以there be开头的句子，其主语的定语从句常可省略关联词，而there be结构作定语从句
时，省略作主语的关系代词。?
1. There is a chance Dr. Li will be able to be back for May Day.?
李博士也许有机会能回来过五一节。?
2. We have to make a list of all the books there are on the subject.?
我们必须把所有关于这个题目的书列出一个单子。?
八、命令句、惊叹句、部分第一人称的陈述句、部分问句和答句中省略最为常见。?
1. Open the door!开门!?
2. Why not?为什么不?
3. Why so?为什么这样?
4. Anybody wishing to go?谁愿意去啊?
九、用so，not或其它手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义，是NMET的常考项目。?
1.—Can Emily do this work?
埃米莉能做这件工作吗?
—I think so.我想她行。?
—I think not (或I don't think so).?我想她不行。?
2.—Did you know anything about it?这件事你以前知道吗?
—Not until you told me.?你告诉了我，才知道。?
3. He has gone. No one knowsswheres(he has gone).?
他走了，谁也不知道他去什么地方了。?
4. Jenny knows what (is to be done)!? 詹妮有办法!?
十、当用强调句型强调疑问词时，常省略强调句型中的that。
?1. When was it (that) you received his e-mail? 你收到他的电子邮件是什么时候?
2. We don't know who it was (that) called the doctor?我们不知道是谁请了医生?
十一、某些形容词要求后面接一固定的介词短语，若接一从句，则只用that或疑问词直接引
出从句，从而省略原有的介词。?
1. We are certain(省去of)that air is a mixture.?我们可以肯定，空气是混合物。?
2. She is doubtful (省去about) whether she can complete it in time.她怀疑她能否按时完成。
十二、用to表示前述动词(包括谓语或非谓语动词)及其短语。?
1. You may go online if you like (to) (go online).你如果想上网就可以上网。?
2. Nothing can stop the boy from playing video games when he wants to (play).?
当这男孩想玩电子游戏时，没有东西可阻碍他玩。?
十三、在某些动词后含有宾语补语或主语补语的复合结构中省略to be或being的情况。?
1. They found the answer (to be) correct.?他们发现答案正确。?
2. This conclusion proved (to be) correct.?这个结论原来是正确的。?
十四、新闻标题要求简练醒目，需根据上下文的语境推敲其省略部分。?
1. Boy 14，rescued from cliff face.?
从峭壁上救下14岁的男孩(A boy of 14 has been rescued from cliff face.)。?
2. American President to fly to London.?
美国总统将飞往伦敦(American President is to fly to London.)。?
十五、注意在一些固定短语中某些介词的省略。?
have trouble (in) sleeping难于入睡。?
spend one's evenings (in) reading novels?把晚上的时间花费在看小说上。?
be busy (in) doing sth. (他)忙于做某事。?
They are (of) the same age. 他们年龄相同。?
There is no use (in) explaining it to her any more.?这件事再向她解释是无用的。?
He is carrying out this experiment (in) the same way as I did yesterday.
他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。
省略常见考点讲解
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略。省略可分为以下几种情况：
（一）简单句中的省略 1、省略主语
(1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。如： (I)Beg your pardon. (请再说一遍。——括号内为省略的词语，下同)
(2)其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：
①（I）Thank you for your help. ②（I）See you tomorrow. ③（It）Doesn’t matter.
2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。如：
①（There is）No smoking.(禁止吸烟。) ②(Is there)Anything else?(还有其它事吗？)
③(You come)This way,please.(请这边走。) ④(Will you)Have a smoke?(吸支烟？)
⑤What(do you think)about a cup of tea? ⑥Why(do you)not say hello to him?(为何不向他问好呢？)
3、省略宾语
（1）省略宾语的全部。如： ①---Do you know Miss Gao? -----I don’t know (her).
②----Which of the two is the better choice?----Well,it’s hard to tell (it).
(2)在一定的语境中，在某些动词（如want,wish,hope,like,love等）之后，可省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。如： ①-----Are you going there?-----I’d like to (go there).
②He didn’t give me the chance,though he had promised to (give me the chance).
如果该宾语是be动词或是动词的完成时态，则须在to之后加be或have。如：
③--Are you an engineer?--No,but I want to be(an engineer).
④--He hasn’t finished the task yet.---Well,he ought to have(finished the task).
4、省略表语。如： ①----Are you thirsty?-----Yes,I am(thirsty).
②His brother is not lazy,nor is his sister(lazy).
5、同时省略几个成分。如： ①---Are you feeling better now?--(I am feeling )Much better (now).
②--Have you finished your work?--(I have)Not(finished my work)yet.
(二)并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一个分句中相同的部分。如：
① My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
② I study at college and my sister(studies)at high school.
(三)主从复合句中的省略
1、句中有一些成分被省略（多见于句首）。如：
①(I’m)Sorry to hear that you are ill. ②(It is)Pity we live so far from the sea.
2、省略了从句中与主句相同的部分。如：
①They don’t visit their parents as much as they ought to(visit their parents).
②My friend can’t come to school,but I wonder why(he can’t come).
3、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。如：
①----She must be busy now.----If so,she can’t go with us.
②----Is he feeling better today?----I’m afraid not.
类似的用法还有：How so?/Why so?/Is that so?/Do you think so?/Quite so./He said so./I hope so./I don’t think so./I suppose not./I believe not./I hope not，等。
4、句和从句各有一些成分被省略。如：
①The sooner(you do it),the better(it will be).
②----Is Mr King in his office?----(I’m)Sorry,I don’t know(whether he is or not).
（四）其它省略
英语省略的情况还有很多，下面归纳几种需要注意的情况：
1、that的省略
(1)宾语从句中常省略连词 that,但并列多个宾语从句中，只能省略第一个that。
(2)在定语从句中，通常当that在从句中作宾语时，才能省略。如：
The noodles (that)I cooked were delicious.
(3)在主语从句、同位语从句中that很少省略（口语中有省略），在表语从句中偶尔省略。
2、不定式符号to的省略
（1）并列的不定式，前面的不定式带to,后面的不定式可省去to。如：①I told him to sit down and wait a while.
但是，如果两个不定式之间有对比关系，则不可省去to。如：
Hearing the news,we didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
（2）某些使役动词（如make,let,have）及感官动词（如see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,look at,listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须把to复原。比较：
I saw the boy fall from the tree./The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
He often makes his sister cry,but today he was made to cry by his sister.
(3)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语不定式的符号to可以省去，也可以不省。如：
We found him(to)work hard at the experiment.
但如果不定式是to be则to不能省略。如： She found him to be dishonest.
(4)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾语补足语的不定式符号to可省，也可不省。如：
I will help(to)do it for you./I will help you(to)do it.
(5)介词but,except前若有动词do,后面的动词不定式不带to。如：
① The boy does nothing but play all day.
② The animals have nothing to do but lie down and sleep in winter.
(6)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的动词不定式的to可带可不带。如：What we can do now is (to) wait.
3、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序要有变化。（见“倒装句”有关部分）
4、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分，如：
① As(he was)a child,he often asked many interesting questions. ② I’m going with you if(I am)free.
③ He opened his lips as if(he were)to speak.
5、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语是it，其后的动词be及其主语可一起省略。如：
① Fill in the blanks with articles,if(it is)necessary.
② Whenever(it was)possible,they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
6、在than和as引导的比较状语从句中，在意义明确的情况下，可省略than和as后的任何部分。如：
① I know you than he(knows you). ② I know you than(I know)him.
③ In winter,it is colder here than(it is cold)in your hometown. ④ I’m nearly as tall as he(is).
专项题组训练
1.He became a good player_____in college.
A.when B.because C.as soon as D.even though
2._____green,the door might look more beautiful.
A.You painted B.If painted C.To paint D.Have it painted
3.-----The patient feels better.-----I know_______.
A.he feels B.he does C.he does so D.he does it
4.----Have you been here long?-----_________.
A.Not much B.Yes,only little C.No,only yesterday D.No,not very
5.----Do you need a new dictionary in your English study?---No,____.
A.I have some to do it B.there are some already
C.I think I have some that will do D.I’m having some dictionaries
6.I told him to sit down and_____for a moment.
A.waits B.waited C.wait D.waiting
7.My father is a doctor and my mother________.
A.nurse B.a nurse C.be a nurse D.is nurse
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高中英语知识点归纳(一)
不定代词的用法
不定代词大都可代替名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。如：
1.用作主语
Both of them are waiters.他们俩人都是男侍者。
Is everybody here?人都到了吗?
2.用作宾语
I know little about the novel关于这本小说我知道的很少。
I am speaking for myself，not for others.我只代表自己，不代表别人发言。
I was interested in everything that the old man told me.我对于这位老人告诉我的一切都感兴趣。
3.用作表语
That"s all for today. class is dismissed.今天就讲这一些。现在下课。
This book is too much for me.这本书对我说太难了。
4.用作定语
Study well and make progress every day.好好学习，天天向上。
He has some English books.他有一些英文书。
china will become a powerful modern country in another twenty years.再过二十年中国将成为现代化强国。
[注]有些不定代词也可用作同位语和状语。如：
Wang and Li both made good progress.王和李两人都有很大进步。
They all went to the Zoo.他们都去动物园了。
Are you any good at mathematics?你数学好吗?
The meeting lasted some two hours.会议进行了两个小时左右。
高中英语知识点归纳(二)
关系代词
两种可用来引导从句并将从句和主句连接起来的代词
这样的代词一方面在从句中用作句子成分，可作主语、宾语、定语等;另一方面又起连词的作用。这样的代词有关系代词和疑问代词两种。
关系代词概说
关系代词有who，whose，whom，that，which等，用来引导定语从句。它们在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语或表语;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(这样的名词和代词叫做先行词)。如：
The man who is talking with Mr. Brown is an eye Specialist和布朗先生谈话的那个人是个眼科大夫。(关系代词who在从句中用作土语，它的先行词是man)
He is the comrade whom you have been looking for他就是你要找的那位同志。(关系代词whom在从句中作宾语，它的先行词是comrade，whom在口语中一般可省去)
The old man whose son is in the navy used to be carpenter.儿子在海军的那位老人过去是个木匠。
(关系代词whose在从句中用作定语，先行词为man)
The film which I saw last night is about a young teacher.我昨晚看的那部**说的是一个年轻教师的事。(关系代词which在从句中用作宾语，先行词为film, which在口语中可省略)
This is the plane that will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon.这是下午要飞往东京的飞机。(关系代词that在从句中用作主语，先行词为plane)
高中英语知识点归纳(三)
疑问代词概说
"疑问代词有who(谁，主格)，whom(谁，宾格)，whose(谁的，所有格)，what(什么)和which(哪个，哪些)等。
疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中
疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中作为某一句子成分。如：
Who is going to speak to us tomorrow?明天谁来跟我们讲话?(who作主语)
Who told you so?是谁告诉你的?(who作主语)
Whom are you talking about ?你们在说谁?(whom作宾语，但在句首时口语常用who代替whom)
Whose umbrella is this ?这是谁的伞?(whose作定语)
What is that? 那是什么?(what作表语)
What did he say?他说什么?(what作宾语)
Which is yours，the blue pen or the redone?蓝笔和红笔哪一支是你的?(which作主语)
[注一]关于疑问代词的各种用法，可参看77.70-77.72。
[注二]疑问代词who，what，which等后面加单词ever，可强调语气，表达说话人的各种感情。如：
What ever do you want?你到底想要什么?
Who ever is she looking for ?她究竟是在找谁?
[注三]which表示在一定范围之内的选择，what则没有这种限制。如：
What do you usually have for lunch?你们午饭通常吃些什么?
Which do you like best?你最喜欢哪一个?
Which of you comrades come from the Northeast? 你们同志们中间谁是东北人?
疑问代词可以引导一个间接疑问句
间接疑问句在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。疑问代词本身在间接疑问句中又担任一定的句子成分。如：
Who will be in charge of the work is still not decided.谁将负责这项工作，现在还没有决定。(疑问代词who引导一个主语从句，它本身又在从句中用作主语。)
Do you know what his name is?你知道他叫什么名字吗?(疑问代词what引导一个宾语从句，而它本身又在从句中用作表语。)
[注一] what所引导的名词性从句(即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句) 有时不是间接疑问句。如：
What he says is quite true.他所讲的话很对。(what相当于that which。它引导一个主语从句，这个从句不是间接疑问句。)
Children do what the nurse tells them to do.保育员让孩子干什么他们就做什么。(what引导一个宾语从句，这个从句也不是间接疑问句。)
[注二] whatever，whoever，whichever等词可引导名词性从句。这些名词性从句也不是间接疑问句。whatever，whoever，whichever也可引导表示让步的状语从句。见15.65和15.72)如：
They eat whatever they can find.他们找到什么就吃什么。(whatever引导一个宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。)
I"ve got plenty of books 1eft.Whoever wants an extra copy can get one from me.我还剩下许多书，谁还想再要一本可来拿。(whoever引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语。)
