英语语法讲解

核心提示Before all the different types of Barbie dolls for sale now,there was just a single Barbie①types of/kinds of+名词,固定搭配,表示“

Before all the different types of Barbie dolls for sale now,there was just a single Barbie

①types of/kinds of+名词,固定搭配,表示“各种…”,前面可接各种形容词,如all,some,different, several,many等等。

②for sale 固定搭配,“待售(即将出售)”(注意和on sale区分,“上市,正在出售”)

③before引导时间状语从句,表示主句发生于从句之前。

The three-dimensional model for Barbie was a German doll — a joke gift for adults described as havingthe appearance of "a woman who sold sex"

①who sold sex为定语从句修饰a woman

②gift后的介词必为for

③as在此作介词,表示“作为…”,故其后接名词性动词ing形式

 described as……一堆是动词过去分词构成的短语作定语,用来修饰前面的a joke gift,意为“这个可笑的礼物被描述为……”,改成定语从句变为:a gift which was described as…

⑤ 从属关系A of B of C of D of ……,翻译成“…的D的C的B的A”,其核心词是A

Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American —although with an exaggerated breast size — version and named it after Barbara, who was then a teenager

①refashion A into B "把A改制成B"

②although with an exaggerated breast size这句话为插入语,主要作用是解释前面的all-American这个词范围有些夸张,起解释说明作用。插入语可插在句子的任意位置,其插入并不影响主句的结构,也就是说,插入语可以看做是打酱油的,把它拿掉,主句就清晰了——Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American version,and named it

③name A after B “以B的名字称号来命名A”

 who was then a teenager为定语,修饰Barbara

Since her introduction in 1959, Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls

①since引导时间状语从句时,通常的时态搭配是“主句现在完成时+从句一般过去时”

②universally作副词“普遍地”修饰动词被动式recognized,一般副词放在被动动词前后都可以。

Now more than sixty years old, Barbara — who declines interviews but is said to have loved the doll -may be the most famous unknown figure on the planet

①who declines interviews but is said to have loved the doll定语从句,修饰Barbara,该定语从句可以看做是插入语,同上,拿掉它主句就清楚了——Barbara may be the most famous unknown figure on the planet

②be said to 固定搭配,“据说是……”。形式主语:It is/was said that……

 the most famous,形容词最高级(几乎所有副词、多音节形容词、部分特殊形容词的比较级最高级在前面加more/most,少数副词和单双音节形容词比较级最高级直接在单词后加er/est,部分特殊词的比较级最高级比较奇葩如futher,futhermore,futhermost)

④on the planet 固定搭配“在这个星球上”

⑤从整体来看,Now more than sixty years old为more than构成的短语作状语,用来说明主句的主语Barbara

The real Ken,who died in 1994, was disgusted by the doll that made his family famous "I don't want my children to play with it," he said in 1993

①who died in 1994 定语从句修饰Ken,可看作插入语,分析同上

②be disgusted by/with “厌恶,作呕,对……反感”

③that made his family famous 定语从句修饰doll

④want sb to do sth “想让某人做某事”

英语基础语法结构详解

主谓一致

 主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement),指“人称”和“数方面的一致关系。如: He is going abroad They are playing football 可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。

 (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。

以下为注意事项:

 1 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。

如: Air as well as water is matter 空气和水都是物质。

No one except two servants was late for the dinner 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。

2 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。 如:

The poet and writer has come 那位诗人兼作家来了。(一个人)

A hammer and a saw are useful tools 锤子和锯都是有用的工具。 (两样物)

用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

3 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 如:

Serving the people is my great happiness

为人民服务是我的幸福。

When we'll go out for an outing has been decided

我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

4 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。

Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。

No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。

Each man and (each) woman is asked to help 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。

5 each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数。 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数。如:

Each of us has something to say 我们每个人都有话要说。

6 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数。 如:

Many a boy likes playing basketball 许多男生都喜欢打篮球。

More than one student was late 不只一个学生迟到

More persons than one come to help us 不止一个人来帮助我们。

7 none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数。 如:

None of us are (is) perfect 人无完人。

None of this worries me 这事一点不使我着急。

8 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数。 如:

His clothes are good 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数。如:

A pair of glasses is on the desk 桌上有一副眼镜。

9 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

10 ”a +名词+and a half “, ”one and a half + 名词“, ”the number of + 名词“ 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数。 如:

only one and a half apples is left on the table

注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:

One or two places have been visited 参观了一两个地点。

 (二) 内容一致原则:

 1主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词“做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词。如:

The rest of the bikes are on sale today 剩下的自行车, 今天出售。

60%of the apple was eaten by little boy 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。

Most of the apples were rotten 大部分的苹果都是烂的。

Most of the apple was eaten by a rat 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。

2 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数。如:

A part of the textbooks have arrived 一小部分教科书已运到。

A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。

3 加减乘除用单数。如:

Fifteen minus five is ten 15减去5等于10。

 4 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数。如:

Ten miles is a good distance 十英里是一个相当的距离。

5 (1) 通常作复数的集体名词。 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数。如:

The British police have only very limited powers

(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词。 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等。

(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词。 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等。如:

The committee has/have decided to dismiss him 委员会决定解雇他。

6 the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。如:

The injured were saved after the fire

(三) 就近原则

1 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。如:

Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了。

Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。

Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away

你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?

2 用连词or, either… or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如:

Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事。

He or you have taken my pen 他或你拿了我的钢笔。

注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如:

Mary is one of those people who keep pets 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。

The only one of +复数名词+ who/that/which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数。

Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets 玛丽是一个饲养宠物的人。

动名词与不定式

1) 动名词与不定式的区别:

动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的

不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的

2) 接不定式或动名词,意义相同。

3) 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组:

stop to do stop doing

forget to do forget doing

remember to do remember doing

cease to do cease doing

try to do try doing

go on to do go on doing

afraid to do afraid doing

interested to do interested doing

mean to do mean doing

regret to do regret doing

begin/start to do begin/start doing

 特殊词精讲

stop doing/to do

stop to do 停止,中断做某事后去做另一件事。

stop doing 停止做某事。

They stop to smoke a cigarette 他们停下来,抽了根烟。

I must stop smoking 我必须戒烟了。

 典型例题

She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path

A to have rested B resting  C to rest D rest

答案:C。由题意可知,她到了山顶,停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此,应选择“stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事”。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止,所以stop doing sth不正确。

stop doing/to do

forget doing/to do

forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)

forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做)

The light in the office is stil on He forgot to turn it off 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)

Don't forget to come tomorrow 别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)

 典型例题

---- The light in the office is still on

---- Oh, I forgot___

A turning it off  B turn it off  C to turn it off  D having turned it off

答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth

而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

remember doing/to do

remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)

remember doing 记得做过某事  (已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school 记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

regret doing/to do

regret to do  对要做的事遗憾。 (未做)

regret doing  对做过的事遗憾、后悔。 (已做)

I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice 我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没有办法。

I don't regret telling her what I thought 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。

典型例题

---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting

---Well, now I regret ___ that

A to do  B to be doing  C to have done  D having done

答案:D。regret having done sth 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔,因此选D。

 cease doing/to do

cease to do  长时间,甚至永远停做某事。

cease doing  短时停止做某事,以后还会接着做。

That department has ceased to exist forever 那个部门已不复存在。

The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by 姑娘们在老师走过时,停了会聊天。

 try doing/to do

try to do努力,企图做某事。

try doing  试验,试着做某事。

You must try to be more careful 你可要多加小心。

I tried gardening but didn't succeed 我试着种果木花卉,但未成功。

go on doing/to do

go on to do 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事。

go on doing  继续做原来做的事。

After he had finished his maths,he went on to do his physics 做完数学后,他接着去做物理。

Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one 作完这个练习后,接着做其他的练习

 be afraid doing/to do

be afraid to do 不敢,胆怯去做某事,是主观上的原因不去做,意为“怕”;

be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的,意为“生怕,恐怕”。

She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake 她生怕被蛇咬着,而不敢在草丛中再走一步。

She was afraid to wake her husband 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。

She was afraid of waking her husband 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。

 be interested doing/to do

interested to do 对做某事感兴趣,想了解某事。

interested in doing  对某种想法感兴趣,doing 通常为想法。

I shall be interested to know what happens 我很想知道发生了什么事。 (想了解)

I'm interested in working in Switzerland Do you have any idea about that 我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗?  (一种想法)

 mean to doing/to do

mean to do  打算、想

mean doing 意味着

I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to 我想去,但是我父亲不肯让我去。

To raise wage means increasing purchasing power 赠加工资意味着增加购买力。

begin(start) doing/to do

begin / start to do sth

begin / start doing sth

1) 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时,使用doing

How old were you when you first started playing the piano 你几岁时开始弹钢琴?

2) begin, start用进行时时,后面动词用不定式to do

I was beginning to get angry 我开始生起气来。

3) 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时,常用不定式to do。

I begin to understand the truth 我开始明白真相。

4) 物作主语时

It began to melt

感官动词 + doing/to do

感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do  表示动作的完整性,真实性;+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调“我看见了”这个事实)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday (强调“我见他正干活”这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

典型例题

1) They knew her very well They had seen her ___ up from childhood

A grow  B grew  C was growing  D to grow

答案:A 因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用see sb do sth 的句型。

2) The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river

A playing  B to be playingC playD to play

答案:A 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用see sb doing sth句型。

倒装句

一 全部倒装

全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:

1 here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。例如:

1) There goes the bell 铃声渐渐消失了。

2) Then came the chairman 然后主席就来了

3) Here is your letter 这是你的信。

 2 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。例如:

1) Out rushed a missile from under the bomber 轰炸机下面发出了一颗导弹。

2) Ahead sat an old woman

注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如:

1) Here he comes 他来了。

2) Away they went 他们走了

二 部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。例如:

1) Never have I seen such a performance 我从来没看过这样的表演。

2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question 你在哪儿都不会找到这个问题的答案。

3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room 妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间。 注意:当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如:

1) I have never seen such a performance我从来没看过这样的表演。

2) The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间。

 2 带有否定意义的词放在句首,语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有: not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than …等。例如:

1) Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender 他不仅拒收了礼品,还狠狠批评了送礼的人。

2) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her 她刚要出门时有个学生来找她。

3) No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her 她刚要走时一个学生来看她。

注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。例如:

Not only you but also I am fond of music 我和你都喜欢音乐。

 3 表示“也”、“也不” 的so, neither, nor放在句首时,句子作部分倒装。例如:

1) Tom can speak French So can Jack Tom能说法语,我也能。

2) If you won't go, neither will I 如果你不去,我也不去。

注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。例如:

1) Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did Tom让我去踢足球,我去了。

2) ---It's raining hard ---So it is ---雨下得很大。 ---的确很大。

 4 only放在句首,强调状语(副词,介词短语或状语从句等),全句语序要部分倒装。例如:

only in this way, can you learn English well你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。

only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting 他被请了三次才来开会。

注意:如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装

only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed 他只有病得非常严重时才会卧床休息。

三 as, though 引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。此时应注意:1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词;2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如:

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily 尽管他愿意努力工作,但是他好像从来都不能令他的工作満意。

注意: 让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用。

四 其他部分倒装

1 so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。例如:

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch 他害怕得动都不敢动。

2 在某些表示祝愿的句型中,例如:

May you all be happy 望大家开心愉快。

3 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。例如:

Were I you, I would try it again 如果我是你,我就再试一次。

高一英语语法知识点讲解

英语基础是什么是字母是单词还是音标其实只要是入门的知识都可以称之为英语的基础。下面我们要来说的是英语基本语法结构,这方面大家了解吗不了解的朋友跟上来吧,和我一起看看这部分英语有哪些基础知识需要掌握。,英语词性缩写,n = 名词,noun的缩写,u = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写,c = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写,v = 动词, verb的缩写,vi = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写,vt = 及物动词,transitive verb的缩写,auxv = 助动词 ,auxiliary verb的缩写,model verb情态动词,conj = 连接词 ,conjunction的缩写,adj = 形容词,adjective的缩写,adv= 副词,adverb的缩写,art = 冠词,article的缩写,prep = 介词;preposition的缩写,pron = 代名词,pronoun的缩写,num = 数词,numeral的缩写,int = 感叹词,interjection的缩写,英文基本句式介绍: 五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。这五个基本句式如下:,S十V主谓结构,S十V十P主系表结构,S十V十O主谓宾结构,S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构,S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构,(说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=补语),1S十V,在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi)。例如:,He runs quickly他跑得快。,They listened carefully他们听得很仔细。,He suffered from cold and hunger他挨冻受饿。,China belongs to the third world country中国属于第三世界国家。,The gas has given out煤气用完了。,My ink has run out我的钢笔水用完了。,2S十V十P,在此句式中,V是系动词(link v),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste, ell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,bee,turn等。例如:,He is older than he looks他比看上去要老。,He seen interested in the book他似乎对这本书感兴趣。,The story sounds interesting这个故事听起来有趣。,The desk feels hard书桌摸起来很硬。,The cake tastes nice饼尝起来很香。,The flowers ell sweet and nice花闻起来香甜。,You have grown taller than before你长得比以前高了。,He has suddenly fallen ill他突然病倒了。,He stood quite still他静静地站看。,He bees a teacher when he grew up他长大后当了教师。,He could never turn traitor to his country他永远不会背叛他的祖国。,3S十V十O,在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt),因此有宾语。例如:,I saw a film yesterday我昨天看了一部**。,Have you read the story你读过这个故事吗,They found their home easily他们很容易找到他们的家。,They built a house last year他们去年建了一所房子。,They‘ve put up a factory in the village他们在村里建了一座工厂。,They have taken good care of the children这些孩子他们照看得很好。,You should look after your children well你应该好好照看你的孩子。,4S十V十O1十O2,在此句式中,V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。例如:,He gave me a book/a book to me他给我一本书。,He brought me a pen/a pen to me他带给我一枝钢笔。,He offered me his seat/his seat to me他把座位让给我。,注意下边动词改写后介词的变化:,Mother bought me a book/a book for me妈妈给我买了一本书。,He got me a chair/a chair for me他给我弄了一把椅子。,Please do me a favor/a favor for me请帮我一下。,He asked me a question/a question of me他问我个问题。,注意,下边动词只有一种说法:,They robbed the old man of his money他们抢了老人的钱。,He’s warned me of the danger他警告我注意危险。,The doctor has cured him of his disease医生治好了他的病。,We must rid the house of the rats我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。,They deprived him of his right to speak他们剥夺了他说话的权利。,5S十V十O十C,在此句式中,V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词,请看下面的例子。,They made the girl angry他们使这个女孩生气了。,They found her happy that day他们发现那天她很高兴。,I found him out我发现他出去了。,I saw him in我见他在家。,They saw a foot mark in the sand他们发现沙地上有脚印。,They named the boy Charlie他们给这个男孩起名为查理。,I saw him e in and go out我见他进来又出去。,They felt the car moving fast他们感到汽车行驶得很快。,I heard the glass broken just now我刚才听到玻璃碎了。,上面所讲述的语法结构大家了解了吗相信应该有了一个全新的认识了吧。语法知识是我们在学习英语的过程中不可绕开的重要组成部分,当然很多人学起来也是困难重重。但我们不能放弃,更不能后退,只有努力弄懂才能有所收获。

高中英语语法归纳讲解(四)

 高一时期的一些不可错过的英语语法知识点讲解。下面是我给大家整理的高一英语语法,供大家参阅!

高一英语语法:英语可说prevent sb to do sth吗

 汉语可说“阻止某人做某事”,但英语习惯上不能说 prevent sb to do sth,遇此情况可改说 prevent sb (from) doing sth或prevent sb’s doing sth。如:

 ■我们一定要防止疾病蔓延。

 误:We must prevent the disease to spread

 正:We must prevent the disease (from) spreading

 ■大雨使他不能来。

 误:The rain prevented him to come

 正:The rain prevented his (from) coming

 正:The rain prevented his coming

高一英语语法:sb is easy / difficult to do sth吗

 请看下面一题:

 “He is _________ to win the match” “Really But I don’t think so”

 A easy B difficult C possible D sure

 分析此题应选D,其余三项均有可能误选,因为假若单纯从中文意思来看,其余三个答案均说得通。但问题是将A、B、C三项填入空格处均不合英语习惯。按英语习惯,easy 和difficult 后接不定式时,其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it,而不能是具体的人或物,除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如:

 我做这工作很容易。

 误:I’m very easy to do the work

 正:It is very easy for me to do the work (用形式主语 it 作主语)

 正:The work is very easy for me to do (主语为具体的事物,但它与其后不定式有动宾关系,即 to do the work)

 我们很难准时赶到那儿。

 误:We are very difficult to get there in time

 正:It is very difficult for us to get there in time (用形式主语 it 作主语)

 比较:He is very difficult to work with 他这个人很难相处。(用具体的人作主语,但它与其后不定式具有动宾关系,即 to work with him)

 有时不是用 it 作形式主语,而是用其作形式宾语。如:

 We found it easy to do the work 我们发现做这工作很容易。

 但是不说:We found him easy to do work

 至于,possible 后接不定式时,其主语只能是 it,不能是具体的人或事物,即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如:

 我们有可能会找到一些更便宜的。

 误:We are possible to find some cheaper ones

 误:Some cheaper ones are possible for us to find

 正:It is possible for us to find some cheaper ones

 有时不是用 it 作形式主语,而是用其作形式宾语。如:

 We found it possible for him to do the work 我们发现他可能做那工作。

 但不说:We found him possible to do the work

高一英语语法:英语可说someone is possible to do sth吗

 请看下面一题:

 I think he is _________ to win, but I’m not sure

 A possible B likely C impossible D certain

 从语意上看,D肯定不能选;从英语习惯上看,A和C也不能选(原因见上一题);此题最佳答案为B。请再看几例:

 He is likely to arrive a bit late 他可能会晚到一会儿。

 It’s likely that he will go abroad 他可能会出国。

 注意:虽然 possible 和 likely 均可表示“可能”,但两者的搭配是不同的,即可说 someone is likely to do sth,但不能说 someone is possible to do sth。如:

 他有可能会同她一道去。

 正:He is likely to go with her

 正:It’s likely that he will go with her

 误:He is possible to go with her

 正:It’s possible that he will go with her

高一英语语法:是any not还是not any

 请看下面一题:

 It is so difficult a problem that _________ student in this class _________ work it out

 A any, can’t B no, can C every, can D no, can’t

 分析此题很容易误选A,因为从句意上看,选A可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难,这个班任何一个学生都不可能做出来”。但按英语习惯,any(任何一个)作为非肯定句,它只能出现在否定词 not 之后,而不能在其前,即可说 not any, 但不说 any not。所以正确答案应选B。又如:

 这工作太难了,恐怕谁也干不了。

 正:The work is too difficult I’m afraid no one can do it

 误:The work is too difficult I’m afraid any one can’t do it

 什么也阻碍不了我同她结婚。

 正:Nothing can prevent me from marrying her

 误:Anything can’t prevent me from marrying her

 类似地,either (两者中的任意一个)作为非肯定词,它也应出现在否定词之后,而不能出现在否定词之前。如:

 这两兄弟都不聪明。

 正:Neither of the brothers is clever

 误:Either of the brothers is not clever

 

英语语法名词词性讲解

感叹句

感叹句:一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用“what”和“how”引导,“what”和“how”与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。 感叹词 修饰对象 感叹部分 主语 谓语+其他! How(副词) 修饰形容词 How nice How nice a girl the girl she is! is! 修饰副词 How well How hard the boy the workers Is swimming! are working! 修饰动词 How =what the flowers How =how fast She she he he Loves the flowers! loves! runs! runs! What(形容词) 修饰单数可数名词 What a nice girl =How nice a girl Jenny Jenny Was! was! 修饰复数可数名词 What nice girls They Were! 修饰不可数名词 What fine weather what dirty water It he Is! drank!

 感叹句的特殊形式 感叹句还可由陈述句、疑问句、祈使句,甚至一个词组及单词构成。例如: There was no face showing! He's such a nice boy! The Great Wall is a magnificent building! Isn't it snowing heavily! Wonderful! Nonsense! Happy New Year to you! Cheer!

疑问句

疑问句(Interrogative Sentence) : 定义:表达疑问(亦即发问)或请求的句子叫做疑问句。例: Is he a friend of your brother's (他是你哥哥的朋友吗?--发问) Can you do this for me (你能替我做这件事吗?--请求) 疑问句的句末必须使用问号(Question mark)“?”来标示问句的结束。 疑问句:可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句和否定疑问句。 种类 特征 语调 举例 回答 一般疑问句 系+主+表+? 助动词+主+动+? 升调 Are you from London

 Do you speak Russian 用yes, no回答 特殊疑问句 疑问词+系+表+? 疑问词+助+主+动+? 降调

How are you feeling When will you get there 直接回答,不用yes或no

 选择疑问句 一般问句:系+主+表+…or…? 助+主+动+…or…? Or前升调。Or后降调 Is he tall or short Does he stay home or go there 直接回答问句中一个,不用yes, no

 特殊问句:疑问词+系+主+…or…? 第一部分用降调,第二部分or 前升调,or后降调 Which is bigger, the sun or the moon Who runs faster, Tom or Peter 选一个答案,不用yes, no 反意疑问句 陈述部分肯定:陈述,助(系)+not+主? 陈述部分用降调,一问部分用升调 It is raining, isn't it You did it, didn't you 答案肯定时用yes,否定时用no 陈述部分否定:否定陈述句,助(系)+主+? 如对陈述肯定,可用降调 It isn't fine, is it They haven't come, have they 否定疑问句 系+not+主+表? 助+not+主+动+? 表示惊异用升调。赞叹、责难用降调 Aren't they beautiful Won't you come in for a minute

名词

1名词复数的规则变化 情况 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s  1清辅音后读/s/; 2浊辅音和元音后读 /z/; book---books bag---bags car----cars 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的词 加 -es 读 /iz/  bus-buses watch-watches 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词 加 -s 读 /iz/  license-licenses 以辅音字母+y结尾的词  变y 为i 再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies

 2名词复数的不规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。 如: two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较: 层楼:storey ---storeys  story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a 加s,如: photo---photospiano---pianos radio---radioszoo---zoos; b 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes  gulf---gulfs; b 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c 均可,如: handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 3不可数名词数的表示方法 1)物质名词 a 当物质名词转化为个体名词时。 比较:Cake is a kind of food 蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数) These cakes are sweet 这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数) b 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,名词可数。 This factory produces steel (不可数) We need various steels (可数) c 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。 Our country is famous for tea Two teas, please 请来两杯茶。 我国因茶叶而闻名。 2) 抽象名词有时也可数。 four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量。 如: a glass of water 一杯水 a piece of advice 一条建议 4定语名词的复数 名词作定语一般用单数,但也有例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如: sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室  talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages school外语学校 2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如:men workerswomen teachers gentlemen officials 3) 有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。 如:goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 4) 数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如:two-dozen eggs 两打/(二十四个鸡蛋) a ten-mile walk 十里路 two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan 一个五年计划 5不同国家的人的单复数 名称 总称(谓语用复数) 一个人  两个人 中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians 瑞士人 the Swiss  a Swiss two Swiss 澳大利亚人 the Australians  an  Australian two Australians 意大利人 the Italians an Italian  two Italians 希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese a Japanese  two Japanese 美国人 the Americans an American two Americans 加拿大人  the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 英国人  the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人  the Swedish a Swede two Swedes 德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 6名词的格 在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下: 1)单数名词词尾加“'s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“'s”,如the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。 2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加“’”,如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。 3) 凡不能加“‘s”的名词,都可以用“名词+of +名词”的结构来表示所有关系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。 4)在表示店铺或教堂名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's 理发店。 5) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”;只有一个's,则表示’共有‘。 如:John's and Mary's room(两间)John and Mary's room(一间) 6) 复合名词或短语,'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。

英语语法名词属格的讲解

英语语法词性中,有名词动词代词等,我们就来针对名词来讲。下面是我给大家整理的英语语法名词词性讲解,供大家参阅!

 英语语法名词词性讲解:名词的复数规则

(1)一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

(2)以s x sh ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

(3)以"辅音字母+y"结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

(4)以"f或fe"结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

(5)不规则名词复数: man ---men, woman---women, policeman---policemen, policewoman---policewomen, mouse---mice child---children foot---feet,tooth---teeth fish---fish, people---people, Chinese---Chinese, Japanese---Japanese

1 主格一般用在句中作为主语,一般用在动词前(除疑问句)

2 宾格多用于动词介词后面。

3 形容词性物主代词后面必须要跟名词。

4 名次性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

 英语语法名词词性讲解:英语名词的格及其用法

1 名词格的三种形式

名词的格包括主格、宾格和所有格三种形式。原则上说,主格用作主语,宾语用作宾语,但由于名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们被统称为通格,它们在句中可用主语、宾语、表语等。名词的所有格表示所属关系,它有两种构成方式,即-'s 所有格和 of 所有格。如:

Jack bought a car 杰克买了辆小汽车。(Jack 为主格,Mary 为宾格)

Jim's room is bigger 吉姆的房间大些。(Jim's 为所有格)

The gate of the school is beautiful 学校的大门很美丽。(of the gate 为所有格)

2 所有格词尾 -'s的加法

(1) 在多数情况下,直接在名词加 -'s,但若名词已带有复数词尾-s,则只加撇号。如:

This is our teacher's room 这是我们老师的房间。

This is the teachers'reading-room 这是教师阅览室。

(2) 如果复数名词不带词尾 -s,则要加-'s。如:

Today is Children's Day 今天是 儿童 节。

It's next to the People's Cinema 它在人民**院隔壁。

(3) 如果是带词尾-s的单数名词,通常仍加 –'s 构成所有格。如:

Bass's words had a soothing effect 贝斯的话有安慰的作用。

We don't believe the boss's promise 我们不相信老板的承诺。

(4) 如果是带词尾 -'s的专有名词,其所有格既可在末尾加 -'s,也可在只加撇号。如:

This is Mr Jones's [Jones'] car 这是琼斯先生的车。

(5) 用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-'s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-'s:

Tom's and Jim's companies 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的公司

Tom and Jim's company 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的公司

说明名词的所有格词尾 -'s 的读音与名词复数词尾的读音大致相同。对于已带词尾-s而只加撇号构成的所有格,其读音为[iz]。

3 –s 所有格的用法

-s 所有格主要用于表示所有关系,但除此之外,它还可以表示主谓关系、动宾关系、类别关系、来源关系等。如:

A teacher's praise has great effect on his students 老师的赞扬对学生的影响很大。(表主谓关系)

The President's murder rocked the nation 总统遇刺震惊了全国。(表动宾关系)

It was a women's magazine that he gave me 他给我的是一本女性杂志。(表类别关系)

4 两种所有格的用法比较

(1) -'s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西,而 of 所有格则可用于有生命的东西,也可用于无生命的东西。如:

I don't like Mrs Green's children =I don't like the children of Mrs Green 我不喜欢格林夫人的孩子。

He played the role of the old king in the play 他在剧中扮演老国王。

The score of the game is two all 比赛结果是二比二平。

说明-s所有格有时也可用于无生命的东西,主要用于表时间、国家、城市、组织机构、车辆船只以及某些集合名词或度量衡等的名词后。如:

Have you seen today's paper 你看到今天的报纸了吗

I like the car's design 我喜欢这辆车的设计。

Which's the country's biggest city 这个国家最大的城市是哪个

The new medicine is the harvest of 20 years'research 这种新药是20年研究的成果。

(2) 表示类别、来源等时,通常要用 -'s 所有格;表示同位关系时,通常要用of 所有格。如:“男厕所”、“女厕所”可说成 men's room, women's room,但通常不说 the room of men, the room of women,因为其中的“男”和“女”表示的是类别;而“长沙市”通常说成 the city of Shangsha,而不会说成 Shangsha's city,因为“长沙”与“市”是同位关系。

5 双重所有格

在英语中,将-'s所有格(包括名词性物主代词)与of 所有格结合起来所构成的所有格就叫做双重所有格。如a friend of Li Lei's。在使用双重所有格时要注意以下几点:

(1) 受双重所有格修饰的名词通常不能是专有名词或具有独一无二性质的名词。如不说 Jim of Mrs Smith's / a father of Mary's,可改说 Mrs Smith's Jim / Mary's father。

(2) 受双重所有格修饰的名词通常不能带定冠词,但可带指示代词this, that, these, those,表示某种感彩(如赞赏、厌恶等)。如不说 the masterpiece of Tom's,但可说 this / that masterpiece of Tom's。

(3) 双重所有格中带-'s所有格的名词通常应是确指的。如不说 a brother of a friend's,但可说 a friend of my friend's。

(4) 双重所有格中带-'s所有格的名词通常应是生命的东西。如不说a window of the room's,应改为a window of the room。

(5) 有时两种所有格均可使用,但所表达的意义不同。比较:

This is a photo of my mother's 这是我母亲 收藏 的一张照片。

This is a photo of my mother 这是我母亲照的一张照片。

He's a friend of my father's 他是我父亲的一个朋友。(意指朋友不只一个)

He's a friend of my father 他是我父亲的朋友。(强调两人之间的友情)

体会:

A:Who told you that 这是谁告诉你的

B:A friend of your father's 是你父亲的一个朋友。

A:If he says such things, he is not a friend of my father 如果他说那样的话,那他对我父亲就不够朋友。

6 所有格的省略

有时受所有格修饰的名词可以省略,如省略表示教堂、商店的名词,省略某人家或某人办公室的名词,省略前文刚刚提到过的名词。如:

Mother has gone to the butcher's (shop) 母亲到肉铺去了。

I went over to John's, but he was at his sister's 我到去了约翰家,但他去了他姐姐家。

 英语语法名词词性讲解:名词的格

名词的格是指名词具有的形式及其变化,体现名词在 句子 中与其他词的关系。名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。

1、主格和宾格(nominative and objective case) 名词的主格和宾格都没有形式变化,要通过名词在句子中的位置和作用来确定。

作主语时用主格,作宾语时用宾格。 Many foreigners(主格)like to read China Daily(宾格)。很多外国人爱读《中 国日报》。 The manager(主格)is showing the foreigners(宾格)around the new factory(宾格)。经理正带领外国人参观新厂。

2、名词所有格(possessive case)名词所有格一般表示所有关系。有's 所有格和 of 所有格两种。

(1)'s 所有格

表示有生命的东西的名词所有格在名词末尾加上-'s:the teacher's house 教师的家 the People's Republic 人民共和国 the Women's Society 妇女社团 children's toys 儿童玩具 Charlie Chaplin's films 查理卓别林的**。

词尾是-s 或-es 的复数名词末尾只加“'”: the boys' house 男孩们的房子 the soldiers' horses 士兵们的马 the students' textbooks 学生们的课本 All Fools' Day 愚人节

注意:在某些以-s 结尾的专有名词后,也只加 “'”。 James' eyes 詹姆斯的眼晴 Engels' praise 恩格斯的赞扬

如果某物为两人共有,则只在后一个名词的词尾加's;如果表示各自的所有关 系时,则各个名词词尾都加's:my father and mother's friends 我爸妈的朋友 his father-in-law's new car 他岳父的新车

不以-s 结尾的复数名词加's:women's dress 妇女的衣服 men's work 男人的工作 the children's room 孩子的房间

表示时间、距离、重量、地方等无生命的东西的名词,也可以用's 构成所有关系:a few days' time 几天的时间 a week's holidays 一周的假期 today's newspaper 今天的报纸 ten minutes' ride 乘车十分钟的路 程 one pound's weight l 磅的重量

(2)of 所有格

of 所有格是以”of+名词”构成的一种词组形式,主要用于表示无生命东 西的名词,表示所有关系:the windows of the classroom 教室的窗子 the colours of the flowers 鲜 花的颜色 the foot of the mountain 山脚 the noise of the tractors 拖拉 机的噪音

表示有生命东西的名词,也可用 of 所有格表示所有关系,或者表示主谓关系、 动宾关系或事物的来源等: the death of Stalin 斯大林的逝世 the arrival of the chairman主席的到来 the laws of Newton 牛顿定律

3、名词所有格与它修饰的词的逻辑关系

广义上来说所有格用来表示“拥有”或 “所有”, the teachers'tapes(教师的磁带)。但严格说来所有格形式并不单纯地表 “拥有”,而用来表达某个人 或物被另一个名词所修饰的关系。 名词所有格在逻辑上可能是它所修饰的名词的主语;也可能是其宾语:the doctor's arrival 医生的到来 the love of the mother 母亲的爱 the King's praise 国王的赞赏 the liberation of the city 城市的解放 the punishment of the teacher 教师的惩罚(可能含有:教师惩罚人或教师受 到惩罚,这两种意思)

4、双重所有格(the double possessive) 's 所有格有时可以和 of 所有格结合在一起表示所有关系,这叫做”双重所有 格”。

(1)双重所有格的形式

of 十名词所有格

He is a friend of my brother's他是我弟弟的一位朋友。

That is a new design of MrBrown's那是布朗先生的一项新设计。

Miss Smith is a friend of Mary's mother's 施密丝**是玛丽妈妈的朋友。

of+名词性物主代词

I'm staying with a friend of mine我打算和我的一位朋友住在一起。

I borrowed a necklace of yours我借了你的一条项链。

(2)双重所有格的几个特征

双重所有格所修饰的名词 (即 of 之前的名词)通常和不定冠词 a 及 any, some,no,few,several 等表示数量的词连用,表示”其中之一”或”其中一 部分”的意思,但不可以和定冠词 the 连用。

This is a book of my father's 这是我爸爸的一本书。

Have you read any books of Einstein's你读过爱因斯坦的什么书吗

Some friends of my brother's have arrived 我兄弟的几位朋友已经到了。

不能说:the play of Shakespeare's 或 the novels of Lu Xun's

of 十名词所有格”中的名词一般表示人,不能表示物;该名词必须是特 指的,不能是泛指的,不能与不定冠词连用。

a friend of the doctor's 这个大夫的一个朋友

some books of my brother's 我哥哥的一些书

a friend of my parents'我父母的一个朋友

a play of Shaw's 肖伯纳的一个剧本 不能说: a cover of the book's

双重所有格修饰的名词和指示代词 this, that, these, those 连用时,往往表示爱憎、褒贬等感情色彩,这时并不表示“部 分”的意思。

That little daughter of your sister's is really a dear 你姐姐的那个小女儿真惹人爱。

These remarks of yours are of great value to us 你的这些话对我们来说 很有帮助。

How old is this lovely child of your aunt's 这个你姑母的可爱的小孩几 岁了

5、名词所有格所修饰词的省略

(1)名词所有格所修饰的词如果前面已提到,则往往省略,以免重复

The kite is not mine ,but John's(kite) 风筝不是我的而是约翰的。

She put her arm through her husband's (arm)她挽着她丈夫的手臂。

(2)习惯上,名词所有格后面指地点等的名词也可省去不用

Yesterday I met him again at the barber's (shop) 昨天我又在理发店遇上 他了。

You are expected in the manager's (office)盼着你到经理办公室去。

We had supper at my uncle's (house)我们在叔叔家吃的晚饭。

6、of 所有格与双重所有格的区别

(1)有时 of 所有格与双重所有格在单句中意义较接近,知识侧重点有所不同。

He is a friend of my father's =He is one of my father's friends (着 重说明父亲不止他一个朋友)

He is a friend of my father =It is he who is my father's friend (着 重说明他是我父亲唯一的一个朋友)

(2)中心词是 portrait, picture, printing, photograph 等词时,后面用 of 所有格指某人自己的肖像、照片等;用双重所有格则表示某人所收藏的肖像、照 片。

This is a picture of my father 照片上的人是我父亲。

This is a picture of my father's 这照片属于我父亲收藏。

看过英语语法名词词性讲解的人还看了:

1 英文基本语法

2 英语语法详情

3 英语语法详解

4 名词语法讲解及练习题

5 英语语法知识

英语语法,讲解详细一下

 名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词,有专有名词和普通名词之分,还有可数名词与不可数名词之分。下面是我为你整理的英语语法名词属格讲解,希望大家喜欢!

英语语法名词属格讲解

 一、一是在名词尾加's

 (如 my brother's toy我弟弟的玩具,the hostes's living room女主人的起居室),如果原名词已经有复数词尾s,或es,只加' (如:soldiers' training ground士兵的训练场,teachers' readingeoom教师阅览室)。注意,如果名词虽然是复数,但不是以s结尾,则仍加's (the children's mother孩子的妈妈)

 1) It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes round shape into a teardrop shape

 [A] of the drop [B] the drop's [C] drop of [D] drops their

 2) The winner [A] photograph was of [B] an old barn(仓库) window covered with [C] a [D] delicate, lacy frost(带花边的霜)

 二、另外一种属格是由介词of加名词构成名词短语

 3) At [A] birth, the [B] head of a bady is extremely large in [C] relation to a [D] rest of the body

 三、例题解析

 1) B为正确答案。"It"是形式主语。"that…"引导的是主从句。主从句的谓语是"changes…into…""把……变成……"。其中"…into…"的前后应是对应的平行结构。很明显A和D都不行,不能把"changes"误作名词。C改变了"…into…"的平行关系。只有B既能与前边的动词"changes"衔接,又能保持"…into…"的平行关系。

 2) A错。 改为winner's。

 3) D错。 改为the。

名词所有格用法

 (1)名词所有格一般是词尾加′s构成,如:the boy’s bag;our teacher’s room等。如果原词已经有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个(′)即可,如boys′ school等。词尾无s的复数名词则仍要加′s,如:men’s clothes等。

 (2)表示无生命东西的名词的所有格不可用词尾加(′s)或(′),而是用of 属格,如:the window of the room等。但在表示时间、距离以及其他习惯用语中,则需用(′s)或(′)表示所有格,如:ten minutes′ walk等。

 (3)如果一样东西为两人共有,则只在后一个名词后加“'s”。

 如:We visited Xiao Li and Xiao Zhang's room 我们参观了小李和小张的房间。

 (4)名词的双重所有格。(本部分只出现在教师版中)

 物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such,

 another, which等词一起修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格。

 公式为:a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。

 如:a friend of mine 我朋友中的一个

 each brother of his 他的每个哥哥

高中英语名词讲解

 1 名词复数的规则变化

 一般情况加 -s,清辅音后读/s/ map-maps,浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars

 以s, sh, ch, x 等结尾加-es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches

 以ce, se, ze, 等结尾加-s 读 /iz/ license-licenses

 以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加es 读 /z/ baby-babies

 2 其它名词复数的规则变化

 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。例如:

 two Marys the Henrys

 monkey---monkeys  holiday---holidays

 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:

 a 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos

 radio---radios zoo---zoos;

 b 加es,如:potato--potatoes  tomato--tomatoes

 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:

 a 加s,如: belief---beliefs  roof---roofs

 safe---safes  gulf---gulfs;

 b 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves

 knife---knives leaf---leaves  wolf---wolves

 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:

 a 加s,如: belief---beliefs  roof---roofs

 safe---safes  gulf---gulfs;

 b 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves

 knife---knives leaf---leaves  wolf---wolves

 4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:

 a maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。

 b news 为不可数名词。

 c the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。

 The United Nations was organized in 1945 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

 d 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如:

 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。

 5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。

He burned all the important documents___that they should go into the enemy's hand

A lest B for fear

答案:B

凡是由lest(以免;免得),in case(以防)和 for fear that(生怕,唯恐)引导的目的状语从句中,用“should+动词原形 其谓语部分should可以省略例如:

Keep quiet in case you(should)interrupt him

when he is busy.要保持安静,以防打扰他

She is now studying for fear that she(should)fail in

English.她现在很勤 奋,生怕英语不及格

You must wake him early lest he(should)be late for

school.你务必早点叫 醒他,以免他上学迟到

但是当有that时,不用lest 而用for fear。因为lest不和that连用,其作用相当于that

 
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